Tau Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid Is Significantly Increased at the Earliest Clinical Stage of Alzheimer Disease

Kurz, Alexander; Riemenschneider, Matthias; Buch, Katharina; Willoch, Frode; Bartenstein, Peter; Müller, Ulrich; Guder, W. G.

doi:10.1097/00002093-199812000-00020

Cited by 77 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…Age in the complete studied group was 66.5 B 9.7 (mean B SD, range 45-80) years. MMSE values for the subjects were 28.9 B 1.2 (mean B SD, range [26][27][28][29][30]. Demographic data of the study sample stratified according to gender, family history of dementia and permeability of the BBB are shown in table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal Fluid Tau Levels Increase with Age in Healthy Individuals

Blomberg

Jensen²,

Basun³

et al. 2001

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau is a promising biochemical ante-mortem marker for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Levels are increased in AD compared to other dementias, neurological diseases and healthy controls. An age-related decrease in both soluble tau and tau bound to paired helical filaments has been shown in brains from non-demented subjects. To study tau levels in normal ageing, we investigated CSF in 29 healthy individuals aged 45–80 years. A statistically significant increase in CSF tau with increasing age was found which might be caused by neuronal loss during normal ageing and redistribution of soluble tau from the brain into CSF. We could not demonstrate any influence by the APOE genotype, though larger populations have to be investigated to confirm this result. In conclusion, we found an age-dependent increase in CSF tau in healthy individuals. We emphasise the importance of establishing an age-dependent interval of CSF tau in non-demented subjects.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal Fluid Tau Levels Increase with Age in Healthy Individuals

Blomberg

Jensen²,

Basun³

et al. 2001

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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“…61 The 20 largest studies 14,20,24,41,50,56,[62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75] including more than 2000 AD patients and 1000 controls, evaluating the most commonly used ELISA method for T-tau in CSF, 14 are summarized in Table 2. The mean sensitivity to discriminate AD from nondemented aged individuals has been 81%, at a specificity level of 91% (Table 2).…”

Section: Csf T-taumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also in this early phase of the disease, the sensitivity figures have been similar to those found in more advanced AD cases. 20,49,65,67,[103][104][105] …”

Section: Early Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal fluid protein biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease

2004

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Summary:The introduction of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitors as a symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has made patients seek medical advice at an earlier stage of the disease. This has highlighted the importance of diagnostic markers for early AD. However, there is no clinical method to determine which of the patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) will progress to AD with dementia, and which have a benign form of MCI without progression. In this paper, the performance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein biomarkers for AD is reviewed. The diagnostic performance of the three biomarkers, total tau, phospho-tau, and the 42 amino acid form of ␤-amyloid have been evaluated in numerous studies and their ability to identify incipient AD in MCI cases has also been studied. Some candidate AD biomarkers including ubiquitin, neurofilament proteins, growth-associated protein 43 (neuromodulin), and neuronal thread protein (AD7c) show interesting results but have been less extensively studied. It is concluded that CSF biomarkers may have clinical utility in the differentiation between AD and several important differential diagnoses, including normal aging, depression, alcohol dementia, and Parkinson's disease, and also in the identification of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in cases with rapidly progressive dementia. Early diagnosis of AD is not only of importance to be able to initiate symptomatic treatment with AChE inhibitors, but will be the basis for initiation of treatment with drugs aimed at slowing down or arresting the degenerative process, such as ␥-secretase inhibitors, if these prove to affect AD pathology and to have a clinical effect.

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“…CSF tau level was shown to be significantly elevated in patients with AD compared with normal controls in Class II and III studies. [92][93][94][95] CSF tau distinguished AD from normal controls with 80 to 97% sensitivity and 86 to 95% specificity. However, elevated CSF tau level has also been detected in patients with other neurodegenerative diseases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Practice parameter: Diagnosis of dementia (an evidence-based review)

et al. 2001

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Article abstract-Objective: To update the 1994 practice parameter for the diagnosis of dementia in the elderly. Background: The AAN previously published a practice parameter on dementia in 1994. New research and clinical developments warrant an update of some aspects of diagnosis. Methods: Studies published in English from 1985 through 1999 were identified that addressed four questions: 1) Are the current criteria for the diagnosis of dementia reliable? 2) Are the current diagnostic criteria able to establish a diagnosis for the prevalent dementias in the elderly? 3) Do laboratory tests improve the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis of dementing illness? 4) What comorbidities should be evaluated in elderly patients undergoing an initial assessment for dementia? Recommendations: Based on evidence in the literature, the following recommendations are made.

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Tau Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid Is Significantly Increased at the Earliest Clinical Stage of Alzheimer Disease

Cited by 77 publications

References 0 publications

Cerebrospinal Fluid Tau Levels Increase with Age in Healthy Individuals

Cerebrospinal Fluid Tau Levels Increase with Age in Healthy Individuals

Cerebrospinal fluid protein biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease

Practice parameter: Diagnosis of dementia (an evidence-based review)

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