Tau interaction with microtubules in vivo

Samsonov, A. A.; Yu, Jiang Zhou; Rasenick, Mark M.; Popov, Sergey

doi:10.1242/jcs.01531

Cited by 127 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Although the C terminus of Ncd and kinesin-1 do have motor activity, and can induce MT movement, none of these proteins has two MT binding sites; thus, they are not able to bundle MTs. We also overexpressed in cells GFP-tau fusion protein (GFP-tau23; Samsonov et al, 2004), which has a high MT-bundling activity, but lacks a motor domain and therefore cannot move MTs against each other. Fluorescence microscopy analysis of MTs in the transfected cells showed that, as expected, overexpression of tau-GFP, but not other proteins, induced the formation of MT bundles (Supplemental Movies 5 and 6 and Supplemental Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microtubule Motor Ncd Induces Sliding of Microtubules In Vivo

Oladipo

Cowan

Rodionov

2007

MBoC

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The mitotic spindle is a microtubule (MT)-based molecular machine that serves for equal segregation of chromosomes during cell division. The formation of the mitotic spindle requires the activity of MT motors, including members of the kinesin-14 family. Although evidence suggests that kinesins-14 act by driving the sliding of MT bundles in different areas of the spindle, such sliding activity had never been demonstrated directly. To test the hypothesis that kinesins-14 can induce MT sliding in living cells, we developed an in vivo assay, which involves overexpression of the kinesin-14 family member Drosophila Ncd in interphase mammalian fibroblasts. We found that green fluorescent protein (GFP)-Ncd colocalized with cytoplasmic MTs, whose distribution was determined by microinjection of Cy3 tubulin into GFPtransfected cells. Ncd overexpression resulted in the formation of MT bundles that exhibited dynamic "looping" behavior never observed in control cells. Photobleaching studies and fluorescence speckle microscopy analysis demonstrated that neighboring MTs in bundles could slide against each other with velocities of 0.1 m/s, corresponding to the velocities of movement of the recombinant Ncd in in vitro motility assays. Our data, for the first time, demonstrate generation of sliding forces between adjacent MTs by Ncd, and they confirm the proposed roles of kinesins-14 in the mitotic spindle morphogenesis. INTRODUCTIONThe mitotic spindle is a molecular machine that serves for equal segregation of chromosomes during mitosis. The principal structural components of the mitotic spindle are cytoplasmic microtubules (MTs) organized into two polarized (minus ends at the center) radial arrays, located at a distance from each other. MT organization in the mitotic spindle is achieved by MT motors, kinesins and dyneins, which generate force for movement toward the plus or minus ends of MTs and that participate in the transport of chromosomes to the spindle poles, spindle elongation during anaphase, regulation of the MT turnover rates, and spindle morphogenesis (for review, see Sharp et al., 2000b;Karsenti and Vernos, 2001;McIntosh et al., 2002;Scholey et al., 2003;Gadde and Heald, 2004;Wadsworth and Khodjakov, 2004).A special role in the formation and maintenance of the mitotic spindle belongs to the minus-end-directed members of the kinesin-14 subfamily. Unlike conventional kinesin, kinesin-14 family members have motor domains at the carboxy terminus (for review, see Ovechkina and Wordeman, 2003). The best studied kinesin-14 members are Drosophila Ncd (Komma et al., 1991;Matthies et al., 1996) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Kar3 (Meluh and Rose, 1990). These MT motors, and their mammalian (Matuliene et al., 1999;Mountain et al., 1999;Zhu et al., 2005) and plant (Vanstraelen et al., 2006) homologues, play essential roles in mitosis and meiosis. Their activities are important for the formation of the mitotic spindle poles (Goshima and Vale, 2003; MoralesMulia and Scholey, 2005;Zhu et al., 2005) and for regulation of the distance...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gel-purified fragment was then digested with EcoR1/ BamH1 and ligated into EcoR1/BamH1-digested pEGFPN1 vector (Clontech, Mountain View, CA). GFP-tau plasmid (GFP-tau23;Samsonov et al, 2004) was a gift from Dr. Sergei Popov (University of Illinois at Chicago). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microtubule Motor Ncd Induces Sliding of Microtubules In Vivo

Oladipo

Cowan

Rodionov

2007

MBoC

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“…Interestingly, tau accumulates at sites of microtubule bending, suggesting that it helps in preventing microtubule rupture (25). This could also be the role of the putative luminal protein in Apicomplexa, as a 1/8-nm −1 layer line could also be observed in the highly bent tubulin fi bers of the toxoplasma conoid (19).…”

Section: A Novel Molecule Binding At the Lumen Of The Microtubulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryoelectron tomography reveals periodic material at the inner side of subpellicular microtubules in apicomplexan parasites

Cyrklaff¹,

Kudryashev²,

Leis³

et al. 2007

J Cell Biol

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“…MTs in axons have been found to be particularly densely decorated by tau proteins at regions of high curvature, suggesting an influence of the mechanical properties [319]. It was also hypothesized that tau has a protective function for MTs against the action of the MT-severing protein katanin [298].…”

Section: Modification Of Mts By Maps : the Example Of Tau Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular transport driven by cytoskeletal motors: General mechanisms and defects

2015

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Cells are the elementary units of living organisms, which are able to carry out many vital functions. These functions rely on active processes on a microscopic scale. Therefore, they are strongly out-of-equilibrium systems, which are driven by continuous energy supply. The tasks that have to be performed in order to maintain the cell alive require transportation of various ingredients, some being small, others being large. Intracellular transport processes are able to induce concentration gradients and to carry objects to specific targets. These processes cannot be carried out only by diffusion, as cells may be crowded, and quite elongated on molecular scales. Therefore active transport has to be organized.The cytoskeleton, which is composed of three types of filaments (microtubules, actin and intermediate filaments), determines the shape of the cell, and plays a role in cell motion. It also serves as a road network for a special kind of vehicles, namely the cytoskeletal motors. These molecules can attach to a cytoskeletal filament, perform directed motion, possibly carrying along some cargo, and then detach.It is a central issue to understand how intracellular transport driven by molecular motors is regulated. The interest for this type of question was enhanced when it was discovered that intracellular transport breakdown is one of the signatures of some neuronal diseases like the Alzheimer.We give a survey of the current knowledge on microtubule based intracellular transport. Our review includes on the one hand an overview of biological facts, obtained from experiments, and on the other hand a presentation of some modeling attempts based on cellular automata. We present some background knowledge on the original and variants of the TASEP (Totally Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process), before turning to more application oriented models. After addressing microtubule based transport in general, with a focus on in vitro experiments, and on cooperative effects in the transportation of large cargos by multiple motors, we concentrate on axonal transport, because of its relevance for neuronal diseases. Some important characteristics of axonal transport is that it takes place in a confined environment; Besides several types of motors are involved, that move in opposite directions. It is a challenge to understand how this bidirectional transport is organized. We review several features that could contribute to the efficiency of bidirectional transport in the axon, including in particular the role of motor-motor interactions and of the dynamics of the underlying microtubule network. Finally, we also discuss some open questions that may be relevant for future research in this field.

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Tau interaction with microtubules in vivo

Cited by 127 publications

References 66 publications

Microtubule Motor Ncd Induces Sliding of Microtubules In Vivo

Microtubule Motor Ncd Induces Sliding of Microtubules In Vivo

Cryoelectron tomography reveals periodic material at the inner side of subpellicular microtubules in apicomplexan parasites

Intracellular transport driven by cytoskeletal motors: General mechanisms and defects

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