The word “biocompatibility” has been gaining popularity, primarily in the field of dentistry but also in other fields of medicine. In essence, it means that biocompatible materials shouldn’t harm the recipient. The materials used in typical dental operations currently consist of literally hundreds of different components, and more are being developed every year. The relevance of using the patient’s most biocompatible material is increasingly being reported in scientific literature. According to research, choosing the least reactive material is crucial, but so is considering how that material might interact with any other implants that may already be in the mouth cavity. The application of these techniques may also result in a deeper comprehension of the biological reactions’ underlying mechanisms (mechanistic approach) when describing the biocompatibility of dental restorative materials. This review article aims to summarize the biocompatibility of restorative materials in general and the effects on immunological reaction caused by them. Keywords: Biocompatibility; Host response; Restorative materials; Immunity.