Tatalaksana Anestesi pada Pasien Geriatri dengan Hematoma Subdural, Intraserebral, dan Subarahnoid yang Menjalani Kraniotomi Evakuasi Hematoma

Abstract

Worldwide, the incidence of traumatic brain injury in geriatrics is 7–34%, with falls as the most common cause. Subdural hemorrhage is the most common injury that occur and is associated with the aging process of the brain, making geriatric patients prone developing subdural hemorrhage. A 72-years-old female came with a headache after fell to the ground 6 days before hospital admission. Physical examination revealed E3M5V6 without neurologic deficits and hemodynamically stable. A computed tomography scan resulted in subdural hematoma in right frontotemporoparietal region causing midline shifting to the left, subarachnoid hemorrhage in the left frontal region, intracerebral hemorrhage in the left temporal lobe. The patient underwent craniotomy evacuation of hematoma and lasted for 3 hours under general anesthesia. Anesthetic concerns are neuroanesthesia and geriatric patient considering the aging process affects physiologic and pharmacologic changes, comorbidities and polypharmacy. Comprehensive perioperative management is essential to prevent secondary brain injury and improve the outcome.