Taste, nutrient sensing and feed intake in pigs (130 years of research: then, now and future)

Roura, Eugeni; Fu, Minghai

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.08.002

Cited by 32 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…In lean genotypes, genetic selection has raised the predisposition to deposit lean tissue beyond the upper limit of appetite, making high-protein diets fully exploitable by animals [5]. The effects of protein on food intake have been fully studied, and it is mainly attributable to hormonal satiety responses involving cholecystokinin as well as glucagon-like peptide-1, peptide tyrosine and gastric inhibitory polypeptide [29][30][31]. In particular, the response of cholecystokinin has been found to be different between slow-growing and fast-growing pigs, with the former reaching a higher concentration of cholecystokinin in plasma sooner after feed ingestion has begun when compared to that of fast-growing pigs [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Protein Levels on the Nitrogen Balance, Performance and Slaughtering Traits of Cinta Senese Growing Pigs

Aquilani

Sirtori

Franci

et al. 2019

Animals

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Cinta Senese is characterized by slow growth rates, which implies different nutritional requirements compared to major pig breeds. Four different crude protein levels (120, 140, 160 and 180 g/kg on as-fed basis, denoted as CP12, CP14, CP16 and CP18) were tested to assess the optimal protein requirements of Cinta Senese pigs during the growing phase. The in vivo performance, slaughtering traits and nitrogen balance were evaluated using individual pens and metabolic crates. Increasing the protein level in feed lowered the average daily gain (from 0.76 to 0.71 kg/d), final weight (63.0 kg for CP12 versus 60.7 kg for CP16) and reduced the protein conversion efficiency (from 0.37 to 0.58). Also, protein conversion in lean protein linearly increased from CP12 (4.82) to CP18 (7.43), which implies a worsening in the protein utilization efficiency. The nitrogen balance showed higher loss of N through urine (from 0.68 g/d/kg metabolic weight for CP12 to 1.14 g/d/kg metabolic weight for CP18) as the dietary CP levels increased, and a decrease in the biological value (51.78 for CP12 versus 36.54 for CP16). The results indicated that the CP12 diet was adequate for fulfilling the Cinta Senese protein requirements during the growing phase.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Protein Levels on the Nitrogen Balance, Performance and Slaughtering Traits of Cinta Senese Growing Pigs

Aquilani

Sirtori

Franci

et al. 2019

Animals

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“…Carbohydrate sensing has been related to two taste-like types referred as sweet and starchy tastes in humans (Aji et al, 2019). On the one hand, sweet taste has evolved around mono-, di-and tri-saccharides (simple sugars), not only in humans but also in other mammalian species including pigs (Sclafani, 1987;Glaser et al, 2000;Lapis et al, 2014;Low et al, 2017;Roura and Fu, 2017). On the other hand, starch is the primary carbohydrate source in pigs.…”

Section: Carbohydrate Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…K ATP channel, SGLT2, GLUT2 or GLUT5) have not been reported to date (Table 1). Some of these molecular mechanisms have also been described in pigs (Roura and Fu, 2017). The identification of putative receptors responsible for the sensing of starch and glucose polymers remains elusive to date in mammalian species.…”

Section: Carbohydrate Sensors and Transceptors In The Gastrointestinamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, some non-toxic plant-derived compounds (such as polyphenols) may also elicit bitter taste (Soares et al, 2018). Overall, close to 1000 compounds are known to be bitter to humans while 81 to laboratory rodents and 27 to pigs (Wang et al, 2017;Roura and Fu, 2017;Dagan-Wiener et al, 2019).…”

Section: Bitter Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the intestinal epithelium, there are several cell types, such as enterocytes, enteroendocrine cells (EECs), tuft, Paneth, goblet, microfold and cup cells, which play a key role reporting the luminal content to the brain (Depoortere, 2014). These mechanisms were originally studied in humans and laboratory rodents; however, in recent reports homologous mechanisms have been uncovered in pigs (reviewed by Roura and Fu, 2017;Roura and Foster, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review: Chemosensing of nutrients and non-nutrients in the human and porcine gastrointestinal tract

Roura

Depoortere

Navarro

2019

Animal

Self Cite

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The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is an interface between the external and internal milieus that requires continuous monitoring for nutrients or pathogens and toxic chemicals. The study of the physiological/molecular mechanisms, mediating the responses to the monitoring of the GIT contents, has been referred to as chemosensory science. While most of the progress in this area of research has been obtained in laboratory rodents and humans, significant steps forward have also been reported in pigs. The objective of this review was to update the current knowledge on nutrient chemosensing in pigs in light of recent advances in humans and laboratory rodents. A second objective relates to informing the existence of nutrient sensors with their functionality, particularly linked to the gut peptides relevant to the onset/offset of appetite. Several cell types of the intestinal epithelium such as Paneth, goblet, tuft and enteroendocrine cells (EECs) contain subsets of chemosensory receptors also found on the tongue as part of the taste system. In particular, EECs show specific co-expression patterns between nutrient sensors and/or transceptors (transport proteins with sensing functions) and anorexigenic hormones such as cholecystokinin (CCK), peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY) or glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), amongst others. In addition, the administration of bitter compounds has an inhibitory effect on GIT motility and on appetite through GLP-1-, CCK-, ghrelin- and PYY-labelled EECs in the human small intestine and colon. Furthermore, the mammalian chemosensory system is the target of some bacterial metabolites. Recent studies on the human microbiome have discovered that commensal bacteria have developed strategies to stimulate chemosensory receptors and trigger host cellular functions. Finally, the study of gene polymorphisms related to nutrient sensors explains differences in food choices, food intake and appetite between individuals.

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Digestive Physiology and Nutrition of Swine

Roura¹,

Müller²,

Campbell³

et al. 2022

Sustainable Swine Nutrition

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Taste, nutrient sensing and feed intake in pigs (130 years of research: then, now and future)

Cited by 32 publications

References 113 publications

Effects of Different Protein Levels on the Nitrogen Balance, Performance and Slaughtering Traits of Cinta Senese Growing Pigs

Effects of Different Protein Levels on the Nitrogen Balance, Performance and Slaughtering Traits of Cinta Senese Growing Pigs

Review: Chemosensing of nutrients and non-nutrients in the human and porcine gastrointestinal tract

Digestive Physiology and Nutrition of Swine

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