Taste Changes after Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review

Ahmed, Kasim; Penney, Nicholas; Darzi, Ara; Purkayastha, Sanjay

doi:10.1007/s11695-018-3420-8

Cited by 59 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Regarding attempts to investigate how being on a weight loss diet affects classification into the distinct sweet taste liker phenotypes, evidence has been loose and is drawn on research on sweet-liking either as a continuous measure (e.g., in References [112,113,114]) or assessed via questionnaires instead of laboratory-based taste tests [99]. As discussed in a recent review, bariatric surgery is also likely to augment gustatory sensitivity to sweet taste and to attenuate relevant hedonic responses post-operatively [115]. In our study, being a former dieter was more apparent in SDs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Sweet Taste Liker Phenotypes: Time for Some Consistency in the Classification Criteria

2019

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Taste hedonics is a well-documented driver of food consumption. The role of sweetness in directing ingestive behavior is largely rooted in biology. One can then intuit that individual differences in sweet-liking may constitute an indicator of variations in the susceptibility to diet-related health outcomes. Despite half a century of research on sweet-liking, the best method to identify the distinct responses to sweet taste is still debated. To help resolve this issue, liking and intensity ratings for eight sucrose solutions ranging from 0 to 1 M were collected from 148 young adults (29% men). Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) revealed three response patterns: a sweet-liker (SL) phenotype characterized by a rise in liking as concentration increased, an inverted U-shaped phenotype with maximum liking at 0.25 M, and a sweet-disliker (SD) phenotype characterized by a decline in liking as a function of concentration. Based on sensitivity and specificity analyses, present data suggest the clearest discrimination between phenotypes is seen with 1.0 M sucrose, where a liking rating between −15 and +15 on a −50/+50 scale reliably distinguished individuals with an inverted U-shaped response from the SLs and the SDs. If the efficacy of this approach is confirmed in other populations, the discrimination criteria identified here can serve as the basis for a standard method for classifying sweet taste liker phenotypes in adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Sweet Taste Liker Phenotypes: Time for Some Consistency in the Classification Criteria

2019

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“…Potential pre-operative predictors of weight loss in RYGB and VSG include anthropomorphic variables (body mass index (BMI), age, sex, race) [12][13][14][15][16] and behavioral variables, including self-restraint 17,18 , the latter potentially predicting increased dietary adherence after surgery 19,20 . RYGB and VSG reduce sweet taste response and drive for intake mediated by pleasure [21][22][23][24] . However, it is not clear whether these predictors reflect changes in eating behavior 25,26 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Classifications of participants by intake of sweet tasting fluids are inconsistent predictors of body weight loss after RYGB or VSG 21,[27][28][29][30] . An alternative approach to the classification of participants, based on estimates of caloric intake of sweet, is to focus on the different aspects of the hedonic response to sweet flavors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preoperative liking and wanting for sweet beverages as predictors of body weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy

et al. 2019

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Background/objectives: Patients who receive Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) lose more weight than those who receive vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG). RYGB and VSG alter hedonic responses to sweet flavor, but whether baseline differences in hedonic responses modulate weight loss after RYGB or VSG remains untested. Participants/methods: Male and female candidates (n=66) for RYGB or VSG were recruited and tested for their subjective liking and wanting ratings of sucrose solutions and flavored beverages sweetened with aspartame. Participants were classified by unsupervised hierarchical clustering for their liking and wanting ratings of sucrose and aspartame. Participant liking ratings were also used in a supervised classification using pre-established categories of liking ratings (liker, disliker, and inverted u-shape). Effects of categories obtained from unsupervised or supervised classification on body weight loss and their interaction with surgery type were analyzed separately at 3 and 12 months after surgery using linear models corrected for sex and age. Results: RYGB participants lost more body weight compared to VSG participants at 3 and 12 months after surgery (P < 0.001 for both time points). Unsupervised clustering analysis identified clusters corresponding to high and low wanting or liking ratings for sucrose or aspartame. RYGB participants in high-wanting clusters based on sucrose, but not aspartame, lost more weight than VSG at both 3 (P = 0.01) and 12 months (P = 0.03), yielding a significant cluster by surgery interaction. Categories based on supervised classification using liking ratings for sucrose or Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:

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“…Clinically, it would be helpful to better understand the food types patients identify as "addictive" while answering the questions on the YFAS, particularly because many of the potentially addictive, highly palatable foods are meant to be avoided throughout the early post-operative period and further, changes in taste perception (47) and cravings for sweets and fast foods are generally observed post-operatively (48). Despite these potent changes in taste and craving after bariatric surgery, patients might be experimenting with the reintroduction of different food types six months post-surgery, with some individuals at greater risk or more susceptible to the addictive potential or reinforcement/reward quality of different foods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Addiction in Sleeve Gastrectomy Patients with Loss-of-Control Eating

et al. 2019

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Objective: Food addiction and binge eating share overlapping and non-overlapping features; the presence of both may represent a more severe obesity subgroup among treatment-seeking samples. Loss-of-control (LOC) eating, a key marker of binge eating, is one of the few consistent predictors of suboptimal weight outcomes post-bariatric surgery. This study examined whether co-occurring LOC eating and food addiction represents a more severe variant post-bariatric surgery. Methods: 131 adults sought treatment for weight/eating concerns approximately six months post-sleeve gastrectomy surgery. The Eating Disorder Examination Bariatric-Surgery-Version assessed LOC eating, picking/nibbling and eating-disorder psychopathology. Participants completed the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Results: 17.6% met food addiction criteria on the YFAS. Compared to those without food addiction, the LOC group with food addiction reported significantly greater eating-disorder and depression scores, more frequent nibbling/picking and LOC eating, and lower SF-36 functioning. Conclusion: Nearly 18% of post-operative patients with LOC eating met food addiction criteria on the YFAS. Co-occurrence of LOC and food addiction following sleeve gastrectomy signals a more severe subgroup with elevated eating-disorder psychopathology, problematic eating behaviors, greater depression, and diminished functioning. Future research should examine whether this combination impacts long-term bariatric surgery outcomes.

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Taste Changes after Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review

Cited by 59 publications

References 82 publications

Quantifying Sweet Taste Liker Phenotypes: Time for Some Consistency in the Classification Criteria

Quantifying Sweet Taste Liker Phenotypes: Time for Some Consistency in the Classification Criteria

Preoperative liking and wanting for sweet beverages as predictors of body weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy

Food Addiction in Sleeve Gastrectomy Patients with Loss-of-Control Eating

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