Tasks of some dietary essential nutrients on epigenetics and one carbon metabolism in livestock during production

Abstract

: Interchanges in the epigenome caused by the environment have been cited in multiple animal being, ranging from insects to rodents passing through poultry, larger animals, and nonhuman primates to humans. These include DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, histone modifications, and more recently the index has magnified to incorporate noncoding RNAs and microRNA gene regulation. Thus, it is increasingly accepted that, nutrition one of the factors that alter gene expression and affect's health during animal productivity through epigenetic modification. DNA methylation is the most widely studied form of epigenetic modification and occurs within the one-carbon metabolism tract which is dependent upon a number of enzymes in the presence of micronutrients, including folate, choline, and betaine acquired through the diet. In vertebrates DNA methylation is primarily a stable repressive mark built at cytosines in CpG dinucleotides; however, its regulation is more powerful than previously believed. Nutri-Epigenomic is an emerging discipline examining the role of nutrient on gene expression. Ultimately, DNA methylation and other epigenetic status, as well as dietetic practices, particularly micronutrient intake, may influence health and productive phenotypes, also playing as significant biomarker in additive-benefit assessment during the period of use. There are a tight interrelationship betaine, choline and methionine. All are dietary sources of methyl groups made it prominent when studying diet-DNA methylation. In this review, our team will focus on the role of important methyl donors and nutrient-gene inter actions through the one-carbon metabolism.