Task preparation and stimulus-evoked competition

Hübner, Mike; Kluwe, Rainer H.; Luna-Rodriguez, Aquiles; Peters, Alexandra

doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2003.12.007

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Contrasting with previous results of additive or under additive interactions of cuing validity and task sequence (Ruthruff et al, 2001; Dreisbach et al, 2002; Hübner et al, 2004a) we observed an overall larger invalidity cost on task switches than on task repetitions. This interaction is difficult to interpret, however, given the modulation by previous cuing validity, that is, the fact that the reduction of the invalidity cost was more pronounced on task repetition than on task switch trials.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Sequential Modulation of Cue Use in the Task Switching Paradigm

Wendt¹,

Luna-Rodriguez²,

Reisenauer³

et al. 2012

Front. Psychology

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In task switching studies, pre-cuing of the upcoming task improves performance, indicating preparatory activation of the upcoming task-set, and/or inhibition of the previous task-set. To further investigate cue-based task preparation, the authors presented both valid and invalid task cues in a task switching experiment involving three tasks. Consistent with previous findings, a validity effect in terms of higher reaction times on invalidly compared to validly cued tasks was obtained. However, this validity effect was reduced following invalidly cued trials, suggesting dynamic adjustment in terms of decreased cue-based preparation after being misled. Performance was particularly impaired when the current task was the one that was invalidly cued on the preceding trial. This finding may reflect either particular reluctance to prepare or persisting inhibition of the erroneously prepared task-set from the pre-trial.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Sequential Modulation of Cue Use in the Task Switching Paradigm

Wendt¹,

Luna-Rodriguez²,

Reisenauer³

et al. 2012

Front. Psychology

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“…We also used one-to-one mapping between cue and task, and a two-stimuli response-link paradigm, which was relatively simple. To fully distinguish the repetition effects of stimuli, cue, and task effect from switch costs, future studies can use two-to-one mapping between cue and task (Logan & Bundesen, 2003), and a four-stimulus response-link task (Hubner, Kluwe, Luna-Rodriguez & Peters, 2004). Additionally, in the current study we only used the PPVT (Dunn & Dunn, 2006) to measure language proficiency, which is a measure of receptive verbal ability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilingual advantage in executive control when task demands are considered

Low

Zhang³

et al. 2015

Bilingualism

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To examine how task demands influence bilingual advantage in executive control over monolinguals, we tested 32 Chinese monolinguals and 32 Chinese–English bilinguals with four versions of a color-shape switching task. During switching trials, the task required participants to suppress one set of conflicting (or non-conflicting) responses and simultaneously to activate another set of conflicting (or non-conflicting) responses. The results showed that compared to monolinguals, (i) when suppressing conflicting responses or (ii) activating non-conflicting responses, bilinguals had significantly smaller switching costs though similar mixing costs; (iii) when suppressing one set of conflicting responses and simultaneously activating another set of conflicting responses, bilinguals had significantly smaller switching costs though larger mixing costs; and (iv) when suppressing one set of non-conflicting responses and simultaneously activating another set of non-conflicting responses, bilinguals had similar switching costs and mixing costs. These findings indicate that task demands affect bilingual advantage in executive control.

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“…Using univalent stimuli (a given stimulus is only associated with one of the two possible tasks) and no precues, variations in switch costs can be taken as a direct indicator for reactive control processes. Furthermore, it has been shown that participants are generally very sensitive to probability cues (i.e., informative, but not 100% valid) in task switching (Dreisbach et al, 2002; Hübner et al, 2004; Miniussi et al, 2005; Dreisbach and Haider, 2006; Went et al, under review). Therefore, a cued task switching paradigm with valid and invalid cues allows not only the investigation of reactive control but also proactive control in form of differences in the CVE (like in Experiments 1 and 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Positive Affect Modulates Proactive Control: Reduced Usage of Informative Cues Under Positive Affect with Low Arousal

Fröber¹,

Dreisbach²

2012

Front. Psychology

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An example of proactive control is the usage of informative cues to prepare for an upcoming task. Here the authors will present data from a series of three experiments, showing that positive affect along with low arousal reduces proactive control in form of a reduced reliance on informative cues. In three affect groups, neutral or positive affective picture stimuli with low and high arousal preceded every trial. In Experiments 1 and 2, using a simple response cueing paradigm with informative cues (66% cue validity), a reduced cue validity effect (CVE) was found under positive affect with low arousal. To test the robustness of the effect and to see whether reactive control is also modulated by positive affect, Experiment 3 used a cued task switching paradigm with predicitive cues (75% cue validity). As expected, a reduced CVE was again found specifically in the positive affect condition with low arousal, but only for task repetitions. Furthermore, there was no difference in switch costs between affect groups (with and without task cues). Taken together, the reduced CVE indicates that positive affect with low arousal reduces proactive control, while comparable switch costs suggest that there is no influence of positive affect on reactive control.

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Task preparation and stimulus-evoked competition

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Sequential Modulation of Cue Use in the Task Switching Paradigm

Sequential Modulation of Cue Use in the Task Switching Paradigm

Bilingual advantage in executive control when task demands are considered

How Positive Affect Modulates Proactive Control: Reduced Usage of Informative Cues Under Positive Affect with Low Arousal

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