TAROGE-M: radio antenna array 
on antarctic high mountain for detecting near-horizontal ultra-high energy air showers

Wang, Shih-Hao; Nam, J. W.; Chen, Pisin; Chen, Yaocheng; Choi, Taejin; Ham, Young‐Bae; Hsu, Shih-Ying; Huang, J. J.; Huang, M. A.; Jee, Geonhwa; Jung, Jongil; Kim, Jieun; Kuo, Chung-Yun; Kwon, Hyuk-Min; Lee, Chang-Sup; Leung, Chung-Hei; Liu, Tsung-Che; Shiao, Y.-S.; Shin, B. K.; Wang, M.-Z.; Wang, Yu-Hsin; Anker, A.; Barwick, S. W.; Besson, D.; Bouma, Sjoerd; Cataldo, Maddalena; Gaswint, Geoffrey; Gläser, Christian; Hallmann, S.; Hanson, Jordan C.; Henrichs, Jakob; Kleinfelder, S.; Lahmann, R.; Meyers, Zachary S.; Nelles, A.; Novikov, Alexander; Paul, M. P.; Pyras, Lilly; Persichilli, Christopher; Plaisier, Ilse; Rice-Smith, Ryan; Seikh, Mohammad Ful Hossain; Tatar, J.; Zhao, L.

doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2022/11/022

Cited by 3 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(140 reference statements)

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“…The typical event rate after L1 trigger is 10 −2 -10 −3 Hz, but there were episodes of high event rate at 1-10 Hz with predominant impulsive noise, as shown in Fig. 2, similar as previously reported in 2020 [10]. The episodes are correlated with high wind speed (>7 m/s), and similar phenomenon has also been reported by other polar radio experiments.…”

Section: Operation Summary In 2023supporting

confidence: 89%

“…This paper summarizes the result of UHECR detection in TAROGE-M data in 2020, formerly published in Ref. [10]. In addition, the upgrade and the status of TAROGE-M in 2023 are presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Melbourne (74 • 20 ′ 55.88 ′′ S, 164 • 41 ′ 35.38 ′′ E), a 2720 m high Antarctic volcano, accessible by helicopter and ∼30 km away from Korean Jang Bogo station (JBS) providing logistic support. Using tau neutrinos as a proxy of AAEs, simulation shows that a single TAROGE-M station with half year of operation is expected to have a comparable sensitivity as ANITA's [10]. This paper summarizes the result of UHECR detection in TAROGE-M data in 2020, formerly published in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The design of the first TAROGE-M station deployed in 2020 is detailed in Ref. [10]. Several upgrades had been made since then and the station was redeployed in Feb 6, 2023.…”

Section: Upgraded Design Of Taroge-m In 2023mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we built the first antenna station in 2020 [10] atop Mt. Melbourne (74 • 20 ′ 55.88 ′′ S, 164 • 41 ′ 35.38 ′′ E), a 2720 m high Antarctic volcano, accessible by helicopter and ∼30 km away from Korean Jang Bogo station (JBS) providing logistic support.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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TAROGE-M: Antarctic High-Mountain Radio Antenna Array for Detecting Ultra-High Energy ANITA Anomalous Events

Wang¹,

Chen²,

Chen³

et al. 2023

Proceedings of 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2023)

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TAROGE-M is a radio antenna array atop ∼ 2.7 km-high Mt. Melbourne in Antarctica for detecting ultra-high energy (UHE, 𝐸 > 10 17 eV) air showers in near-horizontal directions. Besides the detection of cosmic rays and Earth-skimming tau neutrinos, its primary goal is to reproduce the discovery and verify the origin of so-called ANITA anomalous events, having feature of upward-going UHE air showers but cannot be explained by tau neutrinos. The detection concept takes advantages of a high altitude for a broad view toward the horizon; strong and near-vertical geomagnetic field for enhancing the radio signal; and quiet radio environment in Antarctica. Its relatively simple design and high duty cycle make it easily to be extended and thus to achieve an exposure competitive with ANITA experiments within a few years. The first TAROGE-M station operating at 180-450 MHz frequencies deployed in 2020 detected seven UHE cosmic ray events within 25.3-day livetime. The events have a mean energy of ∼ 1 EeV and an estimated flux consistent with other experiments, and validate the station as an UHE particle detector. In 2022-2023 season, the system was upgraded for a robust long-term operation, with a more detailed calibration with a drone-borne pulser. We also discuss the planned upgrade, including the implementation of interferometric trigger, which is expected to increase the cosmic ray and tau neutrino acceptances by a factor of 10 at 0.1 EeV, corresponding to a lower energy threshold by a factor of 3.

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Section: Operation Summary In 2023supporting

confidence: 89%

“…This paper summarizes the result of UHECR detection in TAROGE-M data in 2020, formerly published in Ref. [10]. In addition, the upgrade and the status of TAROGE-M in 2023 are presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The design of the first TAROGE-M station deployed in 2020 is detailed in Ref. [10]. Several upgrades had been made since then and the station was redeployed in Feb 6, 2023.…”

Section: Upgraded Design Of Taroge-m In 2023mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

TAROGE-M: Antarctic High-Mountain Radio Antenna Array for Detecting Ultra-High Energy ANITA Anomalous Events

Wang¹,

Chen²,

Chen³

et al. 2023

Proceedings of 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2023)

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Developing new analysis tools for near surface radio-based neutrino detectors

Anker,

Baldi,

Barwick

et al. 2023

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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The ARIANNA experiment is an Askaryan radio detector designed to measure high-energy neutrino induced cascades within the Antarctic ice. Ultra-high-energy neutrinos above 1016 eV have an extremely low flux, so experimental data captured at trigger level need to be classified correctly to retain as much neutrino signal as possible. We first describe two new physics-based neutrino selection methods, or “cuts”, (the updown and dipole cut) that extend the previously published analysis to a specialized ARIANNA station with 8 antenna channels, which is double the number used in the prior analysis. For a standard trigger with a threshold signal to noise ratio at 4.4, the new cuts produce a neutrino efficiency of > 95% per station-year of operation, while rejecting 99.93% of the background (corresponding to 53 remaining experimental background events). When the new cuts are combined with a previously developed cut using neutrino waveform templates, all background is removed at no change of efficiency. In addition, the neutrino efficiency is extrapolated to 1,000 station-years of operation, obtaining 91%. This work then introduces a new selection method (the deep learning cut) to augment the identification of neutrino events by using deep learning methods and compares the efficiency to the physics-based analysis. The deep learning cut gives 99% signal efficiency per station-year of operation while rejecting 99.997% of the background (corresponding to 2 remaining experimental background events), which are subsequently removed by the waveform template cut at no significant change in efficiency. The results of the deep learning cut were verified using measured cosmic rays which shows that the simulations do not introduce artifacts with respect to experimental data. The paper demonstrates that the background rejection and signal efficiency of near surface antennas meets the requirements of a large scale future array, as considered in baseline design of the radio component of IceCube-Gen2.

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