Tarifbindung und betriebliche Interessenvertretung: Ergebnisse aus dem IAB-Betriebspanel 2020

Abstract

Mit diesem Beitrag wird die jährliche Berichterstattung zur Tarifbindung und betrieblichen Interessenvertretung mit Daten für 2020 fortgesetzt. Zunächst wird die Tarifbindung der Betriebe nach Branche und Betriebsgröße dargestellt. Dabei wird auf die nach wie vor vorherrschenden Unterschiede zwischen West- und Ostdeutschland abgestellt. Insgesamt jedoch hat die Flächentarifbindung seit 1996 in beiden Landesteilen eine deutlich rückläufige Tendenz. Auch für die betriebliche Ebene der Mitbestimmung ist in der langen Sicht ein abnehmender Deckungsgrad zu konstatieren. Allerdings deutet sich für Ostdeutschland zuletzt eine Trendwende und damit eine Annäherung an westdeutsche Verhältnisse an. Abschließend wird in der gemeinsamen Betrachtung der betrieblichen und sektoralen Ebene der Interessenvertretung auf die ausgedehnten betrieblichen Vertretungslücken sowie die „weißen Flecken“ in der Tarif- und Mitbestimmungslandschaft hingewiesen.

Delivering the goods? German industrial relations institutions during the COVID‐19 crisis

“…In 1995, 72 percent of western German employees were covered by collectively agreed standards for wages, hours, and working conditions (multi‐employer agreement), however this share declined to 45 per cent by 2020 (and in eastern Germany from 56 percent in 1996 to 32 percent in 2020). (Ellguth & Kohaut, 2021 , p. 307). Similarly, the share of the western German workforce represented by a works council declined from 51 percent (1993) to 41 percent (2020) and in eastern Germany from 45 percent (1996) to 36 percent (2020) (Ellguth & Kohaut, 2021 , p. 314).…”

German Trade Unions and the Digital Revolution

“…Coverage of employees by industry-level collective agreements fell from some 70 per cent in the 1990s to below 50 per cent by 2020, with only just under 40 per cent of employees represented by a works council -a drop of some 10 percentage points in recent years. Less than 30 percent of employees work in workplaces that were covered by both a collective agreement and works council representation, the core of the dual system of German industrial relations (Ellguth and Kohaut, 2021). This has been exacerbated by a sharp decline in trade union density, with only about 16 percent of employees now union members compared to more than 30% in the 1980s and early 1990s.…”

Job satisfaction and trade union membership in Germany

“…Currently, about 40% of the private sector and most public sector employees work in establishments that are covered by sectoral collective bargaining agreements. About 8% of employees are paid according to collective agreements negotiated at the firm level (Ellguth and Kohaut, 2021). The resulting bargaining coverage substantially exceeds union density of about 16% (OECD and AIAS, 2021).…”

“…Collective bargaining and works councils often co-exist. However, there is a substantial fraction of firms in which only one of the two pillars of industrial relations can be observed (Ellguth and Kohaut, 2021).…”

“…Currently about 40% of private sector employees are subject to collective bargaining agreements and about the same percentage work in establishments with co-determination via works councils. While the two institutions often overlap, a substantial fraction of employees is covered by only one of them (Ellguth and Kohaut, 2021).…”