Targeting macrophages using nanoparticles: a potential therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis

Zang, Xinlong; Cheng, Mingyang; Zhang, Xiaoxu; Chen, Xuehong

doi:10.1039/d0tb02956d

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Accumulation of oxidized LDLs in the artery wall triggers the recruitment of immune cells and inflammation. Recruited monocytes from the bloodstream transform into macrophages and incorporate LDLs to form foam-like cells, which play a critical role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis [ 4 ]. Pro-inflammatory macrophages play an important role on plaque initiation and progression, and anti-inflammatory macrophages are responsible for plaque stabilization [ 48 ].…”

Section: Nps To Modulate Macrophages In Chronic Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pro-inflammatory macrophages play an important role on plaque initiation and progression, and anti-inflammatory macrophages are responsible for plaque stabilization [ 48 ]. NPs modified with targeting ligands, such as mannose, hyaluronan [ 49 ], folate, DNA, peptides, antibodies, HDLs, and LDLs have been used to target intraplaque macrophages and improve the delivery of anti-inflammatory drugs to promote anti-atherosclerotic effects [ 4 ]. Statins are some of these anti-inflammatory drugs loaded in functionalized NPs to inhibit atherosclerotic plaque formation.…”

Section: Nps To Modulate Macrophages In Chronic Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some strategies for the treatment of atherosclerosis have focused on reducing LDL accumulation in macrophages ( Figure 4 ). Macrophages uptake oxidized LDLs through scavenger receptors (SRs) and release LDLs through the lipid transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1 [ 4 ]. Some authors have designed NPs to reduce the macrophage expression of SRs such as SR-A or oxidized LDLs receptor 1 (LOX-1) using siRNA in murine models [ 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: Nps To Modulate Macrophages In Chronic Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They initiate an inflammatory response in response to tissue damage or invading organisms via stimulation and activation of lymphocytes and other immune cells to contain tissue injury or to disturb and destroy the pathogen [ 3 ]. Macrophages are traditionally divided into pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory or pro-regenerative (M2) phenotypes [ 4 ]. The local tissue microenvironment determines the macrophage polarization phenotype, M1-like or M2-like, in such a way that populations of both subsets can be found simultaneously coexisting in the same tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NPs are internalized in a size-dependent manner [ 17 ]. Increasing the particle size improves the macrophage targeting efficiency [ 4 ]. Shape, surface moieties, and charge dictate NP binding affinity to macrophages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoparticles to Target and Treat Macrophages: The Ockham’s Concept?

2021

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Nanoparticles are nanomaterials with three external nanoscale dimensions and an average size ranging from 1 to 1000 nm. Nanoparticles have gained notoriety in technological advances due to their tunable physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. However, the administration of functionalized nanoparticles to living beings is still challenging due to the rapid detection and blood and tissue clearance by the mononuclear phagocytic system. The major exponent of this system is the macrophage. Regardless the nanomaterial composition, macrophages can detect and incorporate foreign bodies by phagocytosis. Therefore, the simplest explanation is that any injected nanoparticle will be probably taken up by macrophages. This explains, in part, the natural accumulation of most nanoparticles in the spleen, lymph nodes, and liver (the main organs of the mononuclear phagocytic system). For this reason, recent investigations are devoted to design nanoparticles for specific macrophage targeting in diseased tissues. The aim of this review is to describe current strategies for the design of nanoparticles to target macrophages and to modulate their immunological function involved in different diseases with special emphasis on chronic inflammation, tissue regeneration, and cancer.

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Section: Nps To Modulate Macrophages In Chronic Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nps To Modulate Macrophages In Chronic Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nps To Modulate Macrophages In Chronic Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoparticles to Target and Treat Macrophages: The Ockham’s Concept?

2021

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Development of siRNA and Budesonide Dual‐Loaded Hybrid Lipid–Polymer Nanoparticles by Microfluidics Technology as a Platform for Dual Drug Delivery to Macrophages: An In Vitro Mechanistic Study

Cerdá

Fontana

Wang

et al. 2023

Advanced Therapeutics

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Macrophages play a key role in the development of many diseases, like tissue injury, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. So far, single‐drug loaded nanoparticles are developed to target macrophages. Nevertheless, macrophage dysregulation can induce multiple conditions, i.e., inflammation and fibrosis. Therefore, the simultaneous codelivery of a small molecule drug and a small interfering RNA (siRNA) for gene silencing may be beneficial to modulate macrophage dysfunction. Herein, hybrid lipid–polymer nanoparticles (LPNs) coloaded with both budesonide and enhanced green fluorescence protein siRNA (eGFP‐siRNA) as model anti‐inflammatory small molecule drug and siRNA, respectively, are developed by an optimized microfluidics method. Specifically, a poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) core is coated by a lipid shell, and LPNs with size homogeneity and colloidal stability are obtained. Both payloads are loaded efficiently, and a controlled release is achieved. Additionally, LPNs are nontoxic in murine RAW 264.7 cells and human THP‐1 cells and are efficiently taken up by these cells. Finally, the transfection efficiency of dual‐loaded LPNs is high at low LPNs doses, thus proving the suitability of this nanosystem for gene silencing. Overall, the optimized LPNs are a suitable nanoplatform for the dual drug delivery to macrophages for the treatment of complex conditions requiring dual therapeutic approaches.

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Target Functionalized Carbon Dot Nanozymes with Dual‐Model Photoacoustic and Fluorescence Imaging for Visual Therapy in Atherosclerosis

Chen,

Duan,

et al. 2023

Advanced Science

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Multifunctional nanomedicines have been used in atherosclerosis theranostics. Herein, phosphatidylserine‐specific peptide CLIKKPF‐functionalized carbon‐dots nanozymes (pep‐CDs) are reported for specific and efficient noninvasive theranostic of atherosclerosis. Surprisingly, pep‐CDs are discovered to not only inherit the inherent properties of carbon dots (CDs), including deep‐red fluorescence emission, photoacoustic response, and superoxide dismutase‐like antioxidant, and anti‐inflammatory activities but also possess the ability to target recognition on foam cells and target localization on plaques due to the specific interaction of CLIKKPF with phosphatidylserine on the membrane outer surface of foam cells. Furthermore, the target localization effect of pep‐CDs vastly promotes the efficient accumulation of CDs in plaque, thus maximizing AS theranostic of CDs. Interestingly, pep‐CDs could be developed to image plaque for monitoring atherosclerosis pathological progression in real‐time resulting from the different content of foam cells. This work on the one hand proposes a simple and feasible strategy to construct theranostic nanoplatform employing only a single functional unit (i.e., multifunctional CDs) to simplify the fabrication procedure, on the other hand, highlights the advantages of the active target auxiliary mode for atherosclerosis theranostic applications.

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Targeting macrophages using nanoparticles: a potential therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis

Abstract: Atherosclerosis is one of leading cause of vascular diseases with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Macrophage plays a critical role in the development and local inflammatory responses of atherosclerosis, contributing...

Cited by 25 publications

References 107 publications

Nanoparticles to Target and Treat Macrophages: The Ockham’s Concept?

Nanoparticles to Target and Treat Macrophages: The Ockham’s Concept?

Development of siRNA and Budesonide Dual‐Loaded Hybrid Lipid–Polymer Nanoparticles by Microfluidics Technology as a Platform for Dual Drug Delivery to Macrophages: An In Vitro Mechanistic Study

Target Functionalized Carbon Dot Nanozymes with Dual‐Model Photoacoustic and Fluorescence Imaging for Visual Therapy in Atherosclerosis

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