“…Although the initial clinical evaluation of CAR-T cells focused on B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (B-NHL) (Kochenderfer et al, 2010 ; Till et al, 2008 ), the most striking outcomes have been obtained in B-ALL by targeting CD19, a B cell-lineage antigen expressed on the surface of normal B cells and many malignant B cells (Scheuermann and Racila, 1995 ; Depoil et al, 2008 ). Another pan-B cell marker, CD20, is also an attractive target for CAR-T cell therapy in B cell malignancies (Raufi et al, 2013 ). Preliminary clinical trials evaluating anti-CD20 CAR-T cells for patients with B-NHL revealed minimal toxicities with modest efficacy (Wang et al, 2014 ; Till et al, 2008 , 2012 ), until recently a phase IIa clinical trial performed at PLAGH demonstrated an objective remission rate (ORR) of 82% (complete remission (CR) 6/11, partial remission (PR) 3/11) with well-tolerated toxicity (Zhang et al, 2016a ).…”