“…[7][8][9] Solid tumors constitute the majority of all cancers and cancer deaths, and in this respect, because of the vast diversity, are cumbersome to tackle and necessitate research across disciplines. [10] One of the important discoveries in tumor research is that the physical properties of TME play a decisive role in tumor development, antitumor immunity, and response to antitumor therapy in solid Abbreviations: CAF, cancer-associated fibroblast; CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocyte; HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha; IL-10, interleukin 10; PD-1, programmed cell death protein 1; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TAZ, transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif; TGF-β, tumor growth factor-beta; Treg, regulatory T cell; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; YAP, Yes-associated protein (Nia et al, [12] Lim et al, [18] Zhang et al [29 ]).…”