Targeting biofilm inhibition using Quercetin – Interaction with bacterial cell membrane and ROS mediated biofilm control

Abstract

Citation: Sreelatha S., Jayachitra A., Targeting biofilm inhibition using Quercetin -Interaction with bacterial cell membrane and ROS mediated biofilm control. Functional Foods in Health and Disease 2018; 8(6): 292-306 ABSTRACT Background: Quercetin is an active nutraceutical ingredient widely distributed in foods, vegetables, fruits, and more. Quercetin is a versatile functional food with extensive protective effects against many infectious and degenerative diseases due to their antioxidant activities. Apsergillus niger is a filamentous fungus and the most abundant mold found in the environment. This fungus has been the source of several bioactive compounds and industrial enzymes through biotransformation. Aim:In this report we emphasized the potential of Aspergillus species for the selective conversion of rutin to quercetin, which involved stereoselective and regiospecific reactions with enhanced production and minimization of the formation of toxic wastes. This fungal microbe was able to transform the complex structure of rutin to quercetin with remarkable catalytic activity for the reaction with high product yield. The quercetin produced demonstrated the ability to inhibit biofilm formation and eradicate established biofilm involving the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) indicative of membrane activity. These results suggest quercetin may have implications in biofilm control targeting reactive oxygen species as a novel therapeutic strategy. Methods: Quercetin was synthesized by microbial biotransformation recruiting Aspergillus niger.The synthesis of quercetin was compared with the chemical process. Furthermore, the quercetin produced by the biotransformation process was characterized by high performance thin layer liquid chromatography. The quercetin produced was assessed for biological activities. The antimicrobial activity, hemolytic activity, inhibition of biofilm by crystal violet staining, and cell viability by confocal laser scanning microscope was assessed. The membrane interaction effect and oxidant scavenging effect by DPPH, Intracellular ROS release, and lipid peroxidation was measured. Results:Quercetin produced by microbial transformation demonstrated antimicrobial activity against S. aureus by effectively inhibiting the growth and dispersion of preformed biofilms. Quercetin demonstrated a significant free radical scavenging activity and significant inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Significant release of reactive oxygen species was observed in bacterial cells.

Impact of Quercetin against Salmonella Typhimurium Biofilm Formation on Food–Contact Surfaces and Molecular Mechanism Pattern

“…The quercetin produced demonstrated the ability to inhibit biofilm formation and eradicate established biofilms involving the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), indicative of membrane activity [ 29 , 53 ]. The inhibitory effect of quercetin on the S. Typhimurium biofilm on the HG surface was visually confirmed with FE-SEM, and the results are shown in Figure 5 .…”

“…A disturbance in the redox cycle can lead to an accumulation. Quercetin is an antioxidant that disrupts biofilm formation by releasing ROS inside cells and damaging membrane integrity of bacterial cell [ 29 ]. The rpoS regulates the stationary-phase expression of a group of genes related to resistance to various environmental stresses [ 12 ].…”

“…Quercetin is a flavonoid-based chemical found in apples, tea, onions, wine, red grapes, berries, and tomatoes, among other plants and fruits [ 28 ]. It has many uses, including antioxidant, free radical scavenger, anticancer, and neuroprotective properties [ 29 , 30 ]. Due to its three-ring structure with 5 hydroxyl groups, it possesses exceptionally powerful antioxidant capabilities [ 30 ].…”

An insight into anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin: a review

“…A greater zone of inhibition of quercetin was observed against S. aureus . Thus, this study gave new insights into the biotransformation of rutin into quercetin to achieve a rich dietary supplement for better antimicrobial effects [ 26 ].…”

Inhibitory mechanism of quercetin on Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris

“…Quercetin have been widely used in medicine, health care, food and other fields ( Patel et al, 2018 ). It is reported that quercetin exhibits a distinct antibacterial effect against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( Amin et al, 2015 ; Ouyang et al, 2016 ; Sarangapani and Jayachitra, 2018 ; Mu et al, 2021 ). Jaisinghani (2017) investigated the antibacterial properties of quercetin against P. aeruginosa and E. coli and found that quercetin exhibited the best inhibitory impact on these bacteria at concentrations of 300 μg/mL and 400 μg/mL, respectively.…”