Targeted therapy in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Implication from cell and gene therapy to immunotherapy and vaccine

Shirzad, Moein; Nourigorji, Marjan; Sajedi, Atefe; Ranjbar, Maryam; Rasti, Faeze; Sourani, Zahra; Moradi, Mona; Mir, Seyed Mostafa; Memar, Mohammad Yousef

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109161

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 216 publications

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“…Several researchers have suggested that routine treatments for asthma, involving ICS, allergen immunotherapy (AIT), and biological agents, may reduce the risk of viral infection in asthmatics through attenuating inflammation and suppressing viral duplication [62] . In contrast, other studies have provided evidence that ICS may be associated with an additional risk of adverse COVID-19 outcomes and a prolonged time to viral clearance [63] , [64] , [65] . However, ICS in previous studies have not shown a clear or consistent association with COVID-19 outcomes [66] , [67] , [68] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Comorbid asthma decreased the risk for COVID-19 mortality in the United Kingdom: Evidence based on a meta-analysis

Shi,

Wang,

Han

et al. 2023

International Immunopharmacology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Comorbid asthma decreased the risk for COVID-19 mortality in the United Kingdom: Evidence based on a meta-analysis

Shi,

Wang,

Han

et al. 2023

International Immunopharmacology

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“…In particular, APOE-ε4 may promote the susceptibility of viral infection and cerebrovascular disease during COVID-19 [368]. The β-coronavirus family virion, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) -CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to multiple and repeated infections throughout the global population [8,27,[223][224][225][226][227][228]312,350,[369][370][371][372]. Coronaviruses are ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses and are members of the family of Coronaviridae and the subfamily of Orthocoronavirinae [27,241,[373][374][375][376][377].…”

Section: Cellular Metabolism and The ε4 Allele Of The Apolipoprotein ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular Metabolism: A Fundamental Component of Degeneration in the Nervous System

Maiese

2023

Biomolecules

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It is estimated that, at minimum, 500 million individuals suffer from cellular metabolic dysfunction, such as diabetes mellitus (DM), throughout the world. Even more concerning is the knowledge that metabolic disease is intimately tied to neurodegenerative disorders, affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as leading to dementia, the seventh leading cause of death. New and innovative therapeutic strategies that address cellular metabolism, apoptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), growth factor signaling with erythropoietin (EPO), and risk factors such as the apolipoprotein E (APOE-ε4) gene and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can offer valuable insights for the clinical care and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders impacted by cellular metabolic disease. Critical insight into and modulation of these complex pathways are required since mTOR signaling pathways, such as AMPK activation, can improve memory retention in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and DM, promote healthy aging, facilitate clearance of β-amyloid (Aß) and tau in the brain, and control inflammation, but also may lead to cognitive loss and long-COVID syndrome through mechanisms that can include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, cytokine release, and APOE-ε4 if pathways such as autophagy and other mechanisms of programmed cell death are left unchecked.

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“…Coexpression of this chaperone will prevent the formation of inclusion bodies and in crease the solubility of recombinant protein (Khow and Suntrarachun 2012). Not only using chaperone molecules, but the recovery of soluble protein can also increase with lowtemperature incubation (Song et al 2012). Hence the Arctic Express strains, a BL21 strain derivate, apply to these conditions (Francis and Page 2010).…”

Section: Expression Of Recombinant Plpromentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of papain‐like protease from SARS‐CoV‐2, a potential drug target for antiviral screening: A review

Napitupulu,

Helianti,

Maimunah

et al. 2023

Indones. J. Biotechnol.

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The SARS‐CoV‐2 outbreak caused a global pandemic, claiming numerous lives and becoming this century’s most widespread life‐threatening disease. The virus relies on two specific enzymes to facilitate replication, 3‐Chymotrypsin‐like protease (3CLPro) and Papain‐like‐protease (PLpro). These enzymes are crucial in breaking down nonstructural polypeptides into functional proteins. PLpro with LXGG↓X recognition and cleavage sites also play a role in deubiquitylase (DUB) and delSGylase by cleaving after the double glycine residue of ubiquitin (Ub) and ISG15 as a mechanism to suppress the host’s innate immune response. Despite its important role in the viral infection cycle and the potential for drug discovery, no antivirals have been approved as PLpro inhibitors. Therefore, this review focuses on PLpro protein, its recombinant product development and purification, and its application as a protein target in drug discovery for COVID‐19 screening to develop effective COVID‐19 drugs.

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Targeted therapy in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Implication from cell and gene therapy to immunotherapy and vaccine

Cited by 11 publications

References 216 publications

Comorbid asthma decreased the risk for COVID-19 mortality in the United Kingdom: Evidence based on a meta-analysis

Comorbid asthma decreased the risk for COVID-19 mortality in the United Kingdom: Evidence based on a meta-analysis

Cellular Metabolism: A Fundamental Component of Degeneration in the Nervous System

The development of papain‐like protease from SARS‐CoV‐2, a potential drug target for antiviral screening: A review

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