Targeted regulation of a lymphocyte-endothelial-interleukin-6 axis by thermal stress

Abstract

Immune protection from microbial invaders or malignant progression is dependent on the ability of lymphocytes to efficiently traffic across morphologically and biochemically distinct vascular sites throughout the body. Lymphocyte trafficking to target tissues is orchestrated by adhesion molecules and chemokines that stabilize dynamic interactions between circulating lymphocytes and endothelial cells lining blood vessels. While the molecular mechanisms that regulate the efficient migration of lymphocytes across specialized high endothelial venules (HEVs) in secondary lymphoid organs have been extensively characterized, there is a paucity of information available regarding the mechanisms that dictate the rate of lymphocyte entry into tumor tissues. This article summarizes recent evidence that inflammatory cues associated with fever-range thermal stress promote lymphocyte extravasation across HEVs of lymphoid organs through a highly regulated lymphocyte-endothelial-interleukin-6 (IL-6) biological axis. The potential for using thermally-based strategies to improve lymphocyte delivery to the tumor microenvironment during T cell-based immunotherapy will also be discussed.

Fatty acids rehabilitated long-term neurodegenerative: like symptoms in olfactory bulbectomized rats

“…Hyperthermia is the hallmark of inflammation. IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-a are considered pyrogenic cytokines (Biddle 2006), and mediate ''stressinduced hyperthermia'' (Evans et al, 2008). Our findings may help to explain previous results showing that pretreatment with a specific mixture of n -3/n -6 PUFA protects rats from the anxiogenic effects of REM sleep deprivation.…”

Lactoferrin inhibits the inflammatory and angiogenic activation of bovine aortic endothelial cells

“…Lf inhibited LPS-induced leukocyte-endothelia interactions. The multi-step cascade involved in the recruitment of circulating leukocytes to interstitial tissue is orchestrated by cell adhesion molecules and chemokines [28]. ECs express a number of cell adhesion molecules, including ICAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin [29].…”

Temperature Matters! And Why It Should Matter to Tumor Immunologists

“…Here, heat treatent was shown to enhance naïve/central memory CD4/CD8 T cells trafficking exclusively acresoss specialized high endotherlial venules 9heavs) which are the major portals of T cell entry in lymph nodes and Peyer’s Patches. (27,28). …”