Targeted Reduction of Oxytocin Expression Provides Insights into its Physiological Roles

Young, W. Scott; Shepard, Emily; DeVries, A. Courtney; Zimmer, Andreas; LaMarca, Mary E.; Ginns, Edward I.; Amico, Janet A.; Nelson, Randy J.; Hennighausen, Lothar; Wagner, Kay Uwe

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-4871-3_30

Cited by 49 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…These results may not be in conflict, because blockade of oxytocin receptors might trigger a rebound effect and, thus, induce even more local oxytocin release after 4 h . Overall, our findings on brain oxytocin as a mediator of aggression are supported by studies on oxytocin knock-out mice that showed a reduced aggression compared with wild-type mice (Young et al, 1998).…”

Section: Maternal Aggression and Brain Oxytocinsupporting

confidence: 79%

Brain Oxytocin Correlates with Maternal Aggression: Link to Anxiety

Bosch

Meddle²,

Beiderbeck³

et al. 2005

J. Neurosci.

377

307

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The oxytocinergic system is critically involved in the regulation of maternal behavior, which includes maternal aggression. Because aggression has been linked to anxiety, we investigated the maternal aggression and the role of brain oxytocin in lactating Wistar rats selectively bred for high anxiety-related behavior (HAB) or low anxiety-related behavior (LAB) during the 10 min maternal defense test. HAB dams displayed more maternal aggression against a virgin intruder compared with LAB dams, resulting in more defensive behavior and higher anxiety of HAB-defeated virgins. The different levels of aggression were accompanied by opposite oxytocin release patterns within the paraventricular nucleus (PVN; HAB, increase; LAB, decrease). ]OVT) into the PVN or CeA reduced maternal aggression of HAB dams, whereas infusion of synthetic oxytocin into the PVN tended to increase aggression toward the intruder in LAB dams. There were no significant differences in oxytocin receptor mRNA expression or oxytocin receptor binding between lactating HAB and LAB dams. Therefore, differences in intracerebral release patterns of oxytocin, rather than differences at the level of oxytocin receptors, are critical for the regulation of maternal aggressive behavior.

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Section: Maternal Aggression and Brain Oxytocinsupporting

confidence: 79%

Brain Oxytocin Correlates with Maternal Aggression: Link to Anxiety

Bosch

Meddle²,

Beiderbeck³

et al. 2005

J. Neurosci.

377

307

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Subcutaneous OXT injection completely rescues the milk ejection phenotype, attesting to this being a peripheral, as opposed to a central action [97]. Central actions of OXT include the regulation of social behavior, including sexual and maternal behavior, affiliation, social memory, as well as penile erection and ejaculation [98][99][100][101]. It also controls food, predominantly carbohydrate, intake centrally [102].…”

Section: Oxytocinmentioning

confidence: 87%

Pituitary-bone connection in skeletal regulation

Zaidi

Sun

Liu

et al. 2016

Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation

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Pituitary hormones have traditionally been thought to exert specific, but limited function on target tissues. More recently, the discovery of these hormones and their receptors in organs such as the skeleton suggests that pituitary hormones have more ubiquitous functions. Here, we discuss the interaction of growth hormone (GH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), prolactin, oxytocin and arginine vasopressin (AVP) with bone. The direct skeletal action of pituitary hormones therefore provides new insights and therapeutic opportunities for metabolic bone diseases, prominently osteoporosis.

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“…The first study in this line of research was in OXT-knockout mice [101], which do not have detectable levels of OXT in the PVN or SON. Homozygous OXT-knock-out mice show reduced aggressive behaviour towards an intruder when compared with the wild-type line.…”

Section: (I) the Mother's Innate Anxiety Affects Maternal Aggressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal aggression in rodents: brain oxytocin and vasopressin mediate pup defence

Bosch

2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

173

181

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The most significant social behaviour of the lactating mother is maternal behaviour, which comprises maternal care and maternal aggression (MA). The latter is a protective behaviour of the mother serving to defend the offspring against a potentially dangerous intruder. The extent to which the mother shows aggressive behaviour depends on extrinsic and intrinsic factors, as we have learned from studies in laboratory rodents. Among the extrinsic factors are the pups' presence and age, as well as the intruders' sex and age. With respect to intrinsic factors, the mothers' innate anxiety and the prosocial brain neuropeptides oxytocin (OXT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) play important roles. While OXT is well known as a maternal neuropeptide, AVP has only recently been described in this context. The increased activities of these neuropeptides in lactation are the result of remarkable brain adaptations peripartum and are a prerequisite for the mother to become maternal. Consequently, OXT and AVP are significantly involved in mediating the fine-tuned regulation of MA depending on the brain regions. Importantly, both neuropeptides are also modulators of anxiety, which determines the extent of MA. This review provides a detailed overview of the role of OXT and AVP in MA and the link to anxiety.

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Targeted Reduction of Oxytocin Expression Provides Insights into its Physiological Roles

Cited by 49 publications

References 37 publications

Brain Oxytocin Correlates with Maternal Aggression: Link to Anxiety

Brain Oxytocin Correlates with Maternal Aggression: Link to Anxiety

Pituitary-bone connection in skeletal regulation

Maternal aggression in rodents: brain oxytocin and vasopressin mediate pup defence

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