Targeted protein quantitation in human body fluids by mass spectrometry

Abstract

Human body fluids (biofluids) contain various proteins, some of which reflect individuals' physiological conditions or predict diseases. Therefore, the analysis of biofluids can provide substantial information on novel biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and prognosis. In the past decades, mass spectrometry (MS)‐based technologies have been developed as proteomic strategies not only for the identification of protein biomarkers but also for biomarker verification/validation in body fluids for clinical applications. The main advantage of targeted MS‐based methodologies is the accurate and specific simultaneous quantitation of multiple biomarkers with high sensitivity. Here, we review MS‐based methodologies that are currently used for the targeted quantitation of protein components in human body fluids, especially in plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and saliva. In addition, the currently used MS‐based methodologies are summarized with a specific focus on applicable clinical sample types, MS configurations, and acquisition modes.

Identification of Endothelial Cell Protein C Receptor by Urinary Proteomics as Novel Prognostic Marker in Non-Recovery Kidney Injury

“…Moreover, urine screening is a non-invasive and high-compliance test. Recent advances in modern proteomics techniques can enable researchers to discover and verify novel biomarkers by assessing the initial change of biological information early in disease progression [ 7 , 8 ]. In the present study, we decided to use a high-resolution chemical labeling proteomic platform called isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) [ 9 ] to identify a protein marker for non-recovery AKI.…”

Salivary Biomarkers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Proteomic Overview

“…Furthermore, the detailed literature review of the last decade of proteomic has opened a window on “salivaomics” [ 10 ], or the collection of molecules, proteins, miRNAs, epigenomic and genomic changes, and the microbiome used as a diagnostic and predictive tool for many diseases, including oral cancer [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. In particular, we will highlight the possible role of salivary proteomics as a crucial screening technique for OSCC [ 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”