Targeted photo-chemo therapy of malignancy on the chest wall while cardiopulmonary avoidance based on Fe3O4@ZnO nanocomposites

Abstract

Treatment of malignancies on the chest wall, like chest wall recurrence of tumor, advanced cutaneous neoplasm and lymphoma, is still a challenge due to the involvement of the critical structures of heart and lung by the conventional strategy. The aim of the current study was to investigate targeted photo-chemo therapy mediated by Fe3O4@ZnO nanocomposites for malignancy on the chest wall while cardiopulmonary avoidance. Fe3O4@ZnO/Dox nanocomposites, the synthesis of the core-shell Fe3O4@ZnO nanocomposites followed by loading doxorubicin (Dox), were prepared to act as multifunctional drug delivery system (DDS). The synergistic anticancer effects on tumor on the chest wall and protection performance of heart and lung were evaluated in vitro and in vivo using cell viability assay, apoptosis detection, histopathologic examination, and serum biochemistry tests. Our observations demonstrated that Fe3O4@ZnO/Dox nanocomposites, could play the role of magnetic drug targeting to deliver Dox into tumor tissues and cells to enhance its chemotherapeutic efficiency. Besides, with ultraviolet (UV) illumination, Fe3O4@ZnO showed the excellent property of photosensitizer, further attacking the cancer cells by photodynamic therapy (PDT). Thus, apoptosis was synergistically induced by the photo-chemo therapy, resulting in a distinct improvement in anticancer activity. Since UV has a limited penetration distance in tissue, causing PDT to fail in the critical structures of heart and lung, cardiopulmonary hurt could be avoided during the treatment. Therefore, targeted photo-chemo therapy mediated by Fe3O4@ZnO nanocomposites may have promise as a potent treatment option for superficial malignancies on the chest wall while cardiopulmonary avoidance.

Synthesis of ZnO-Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanocomposites through Sonochemical Methods for Methylene Blue Degradation

“…On the other hand, H2O2 can also be decomposed by light-producing hydroxyl radicals (OH * ), so it plays the most important role in photocatalytic reactions of methylene blue degradation. The mechanism is written in Equations (5)- (11).…”

“…ZnO-Fe3O4 + hv → ZnO-Fe3O4 (ecb) + ZnO-Fe3O4 (h + vb) (5) ZnO-Fe3O4 (ecb) + H2O2 → OH * + OH − (6) H2O2 + hv → 2OH * (7) ZnO-Fe3O4 (h + vb) + OH − → OH * (8) ZnO-Fe3O4 (h + vb) + H2O → OH * + H + (9) (CH3)3COH + OH * → H2O + (CH3)CO − (10) OH * + MB → degradation products (11) The addition of tert-BuOH and H2O2 provided a slightly decreasing photocatalytic activity of methylene blue degradation of 99.29 mg/gram at 30 minutes of reaction time. It is because tert-BuOH captures hydroxyl radicals, which decreases the number of hydroxyl radicals and decreases the efficiency of methylene blue degradation.…”