Targeted optical fluorescence imaging: a meta-narrative review and future perspectives

Abstract

Purpose The aim of this review is to give an overview of the current status of targeted optical fluorescence imaging in the field of oncology, cardiovascular, infectious and inflammatory diseases to further promote clinical translation. Methods A meta-narrative approach was taken to systematically describe the relevant literature. Consecutively, each field was assigned a developmental stage regarding the clinical implementation of optical fluorescence imaging. Results Optical fluorescence imaging is leaning towards clinical implementation in gastrointestinal and head and neck cancers, closely followed by pulmonary, neuro, breast and gynaecological oncology. In cardiovascular and infectious disease, optical imaging is in a less advanced/proof of concept stage. Conclusion Targeted optical fluorescence imaging is rapidly evolving and expanding into the clinic, especially in the field of oncology. However, the imaging modality still has to overcome some major challenges before it can be part of the standard of care in the clinic, such as the provision of pivotal trial data. Intensive multidisciplinary (pre-)clinical joined forces are essential to overcome the delivery of such compelling phase III registration trial data and subsequent regulatory approval and reimbursement hurdles to advance clinical implementation of targeted optical fluorescence imaging as part of standard practice.

Recent Progress Toward Imaging Application of Multifunction Sonosensitizers in Sonodynamic Therapy

“…NIR irradiation or the physiological milieu of a biological condition can activate fluorescent probes, resulting in light emission imaging. 82 , 83 FL imaging allows for real-time monitoring of imaging probe dispersion throughout the body, including malignancies. 84–88 …”

“…NIR irradiation or the physiological milieu of a biological condition can activate fluorescent probes, resulting in light emission imaging. 82,83 FL imaging allows for real-time monitoring of imaging probe dispersion throughout the body, including malignancies. [84][85][86][87][88] Melanin nanoparticles (MNPs) produced from natural biopolymers are excellent contrast agents for PA imaging because of their high light absorption.…”

Two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks: from synthesis to bioapplications

“…Especially, the resolution of imaging in cancer diagnostics is important for real-time guidance of surgical resection, as well as the early detection of tumors. Fluorescence imaging with high spatial resolutions is an indispensable tool for cancer diagnosis in preclinical research [ 80 , 81 ]. Biodegradable MOF nanosystems (DNA@Cu-MOF) integrated DNAzyme-assisted fluorescence signal amplification was applied for imaging deregulated miRNA-related hypoxic tumors [ 82 ].…”

Characterizing dark state kinetics and single molecule fluorescence of FusionRed and FusionRed-MQ at low irradiances

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