Targeted generation of polyploids in Hydrangea macrophylla through cross-based breeding

Tränkner, Conny; Günther, Kristina; Sahr, Peter; Engel, Frauke; Hohe, Annette

doi:10.1186/s12863-020-00954-z

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…In this study, the triploid ratio for a given parent material was higher when it was used as the female parent than as the male parent, and F 1 triploids accounted for an average of 93.94% in the progenies, which was consistent with Liang's results [ 76 ]. Similar results have been found in citrus [ 20 ], Hydrangea [ 77 ]. The cross between tetraploid and diploid is an effective method for rapidly obtaining a large number of triploids, which present heterosis and selective advantages [ 11 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Genotyping of polyploid plants using quantitative PCR: application in the breeding of white-fleshed triploid loquats (Eriobotrya japonica)

Wang

Dang

et al. 2021

Plant Methods

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Background Ploidy manipulation is effective in seedless loquat breeding, in which flesh color is a key agronomic and economic trait. Few techniques are currently available for detecting the genotypes of polyploids in plants, but this ability is essential for most genetic research and molecular breeding. Results We developed a system for genotyping by quantitative PCR (qPCR) that allowed flesh color genotyping in multiple tetraploid and triploid loquat varieties (lines). The analysis of 13 different ratios of DNA mixtures between two homozygous diploids (AA and aa) showed that the proportion of allele A has a high correlation (R2 = 0.9992) with parameter b [b = a1/(a1 + a2)], which is derived from the two normalized allele signals (a1 and a2) provided by qPCR. Cluster analysis and variance analysis from simulating triploid and tetraploid hybrids provided completely correct allelic configurations. Four genotypes (AAA, AAa, Aaa, aaa) were found in triploid loquats, and four (AAAA, AAAa, AAaa, Aaaa; absence of aaaa homozygotes) were found in tetraploid loquats. DNA markers analysis showed that the segregation of flesh color in all F1 hybrids conformed to Mendel's law. When tetraploid B431 was the female parent, more white-fleshed triploids occurred among the progeny. Conclusions qPCR can detect the flesh color genotypes of loquat polyploids and provides an alternative method for analyzing polyploid genotype and breeding, dose effects and allele-specific expression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Genotyping of polyploid plants using quantitative PCR: application in the breeding of white-fleshed triploid loquats (Eriobotrya japonica)

Wang

Dang

et al. 2021

Plant Methods

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“…Triploid and tetraploid offspring can be produced by hybridization of diploid with diploid individuals or by crossing diploid with tetraploid plants, and even crossing triploids with either diploid or tetraploid plants. Such interploidy crosses are due to production of unreduced gametes ( Trankner et al, 2020 ). Triploid hydrangeas have thicker stems, large flowers, and larger stoma compared to full-sibling diploids.…”

Section: Use Of 2 N Gametes For Improving Ornament...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting Unreduced Gametes for Improving Ornamental Plants

Xie

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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The formation of gametes with somatic chromosome number or unreduced gametes (2n gametes) is an important process involved in the origin of polyploid plants in nature. Unreduced gametes are the result of meiotic mutations occurring during micro- and mega-sporogenesis. 2n gametes have been identified or artificially induced in a large number of plant species. Breeding of plants through 2n gametes can be advantageous because it combines genetic effects of polyploidy with meiotic recombination and sexual hybridization to produce tremendous genetic variation and heterosis. 2n gametes also occur in ornamental plants, but the potential of using 2n gametes in ornamental plant breeding has not been extensively exploited. Ornamental plants are primarily produced for their esthetic appearance and novelty, not for food and yield, and they can be readily propagated through vegetative means. Triploids, tetraploids, and plants with even higher ploidy levels produced through 2n gametes can be propagated through tissue culture to fix their phenotypes, thus leading to the development of new cultivars. In this review article, we intend to discuss the mechanisms underlying the formation of 2n gametes, techniques for 2n gamete identification, methods for enhancing 2n gamete formation, and the current status in the use of 2n gametes for development of novel ornamental plants. We believe that polyploidy breeding through 2n gametes represents a viable way of developing new cultivars, new species, and even new genera of ornamental plants.

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“…Pollen fertility of 'Xiaofeng' and 'Yuchan'. The production of functional x, 2x, 3x, and aneuploid gametes is important for triploids to fulfil the role as a bridge (Burton and Husband, 2001;Peckert and Chrtek, 2006;Marasek-Ciolakowska et al, 2014;Li et al, 2017;Trankner et al, 2020). The percentages in occurrence of different types of gametes depended on plant species, origin of triploids, and gamete types (Marasek-Ciolakowska et al, 2014;Geng et al, 2019;Trankner et al, 2020).…”

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Triploid cultivars of Cymbidium act as a bridge in the formation of polyploid plants

Su²,

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Triploid is considered a reproductive barrier and also a bridge in the formation of polyploids. However, few reports are available in Cymbidium. In this study, diploid ‘Xiaofeng’, sexual triploid ‘Yuchan’ and ‘Huanghe’ of Cymbidium were used to evaluate hybridization compatibility of the triploids. Results showed that the sexual triploids were fertile whether they were used as male or female parents. ‘Yuchan’ produced male gametes of 1x, 1x~2x, 2x, 2x~3x, and 3x at frequencies of 8.89%, 77.78%, 6.67%, 3.33%, and 3.33%, respectively; while ‘Huanghe’ produced 3.33% 1x, 80.00% 1x~2x, 8.89% 2x, 5.56% 2x~3x, and 2.22% 3x male gametes. The cross of ‘Xiaofeng’ with ‘Yuchan’ produced progenies with a wide range of ploidy levels, including one diploid, 34 2×~3× aneuploids, 12 triploids, and one tetraploid, indicating that male gametes produced by sexual triploid were fertile and could be transmitted and fused with egg cells. On the other hand, 10 progenies obtained from the cross of ‘Yuchan’ × ‘Xiaofeng’ were all aneuploids. The cross of ‘Yuchan’ with ‘Huanghe’ produced 40 progenies including three 2×~3× aneuploids, nine 3×~4× aneuploids, 21 tetraploids, six 4×~5× aneuploids, and one pentaploid, suggesting that 2x gametes, instead of the unreduced ones played a more important role in the formation of tetraploids. The survival rates of the hybrids were all above 80.00%, with the tetraploids at 96.67%. Cytological analysis revealed that during meiosis of sexual polyploids, two chromosome sets of the 2n gamete were inclined to enter into the same daughter cell, resulting in the production of 2x gametes. Our results indicate that the triploid cymbidiums are not reproductive barrier but serve as a bridge in the formation of polyploid plants.

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Targeted generation of polyploids in Hydrangea macrophylla through cross-based breeding

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Genotyping of polyploid plants using quantitative PCR: application in the breeding of white-fleshed triploid loquats (Eriobotrya japonica)

Genotyping of polyploid plants using quantitative PCR: application in the breeding of white-fleshed triploid loquats (Eriobotrya japonica)

Exploiting Unreduced Gametes for Improving Ornamental Plants

Triploid cultivars of Cymbidium act as a bridge in the formation of polyploid plants

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