Targeted disruption of M�ller cell metabolism induces photoreceptor dysmorphogenesis

Preparation of Xenopus laevis retinal cryosections for electron microscopy

“…This procedure allows us to reproducibly obtain high quality electron microscopy analysis from the majority of eyes we process that is comparable in quality to published results (Besharse et al, 1977;Fliesler et al, 1985;Jablonski and Ervin, 2000;Jablonski and Iannaccone, 2000;Kinney and Fisher, 1978;Loewen et al, 2003;Moritz et al, 2001;Papermaster et al, 1986Papermaster et al, , 1985Rohlich et al, 1989). Although cryosectioning may introduce some new artifacts, the resulting reproducibility of the procedure is extremely beneficial when dealing with unique specimens such as primary transgenic X. laevis eyes.…”

A New CRB1 Rat Mutation Links Müller Glial Cells to Retinal Telangiectasia

“…However, the CRB1 protein is mislocalized and loses its concentration in the subapical regions above the adherens junctions between RMG and photoreceptors of BN-J retina. Among proteins involved in the correct localization of CRB, the small GTPase Cdc42 that belongs to the Ras superfamily is of particular interest because it plays a major and unique role in epithelium permeability (Citalán-Madrid et al, 2013); retina-specific Cdc42-knock-down mice showed not only retinal degeneration but also important vascular abnormalities (Heynen et al, 2013).…”

Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Nonproliferative Group 2a Idiopathic Juxtafoveal Retinal Telangiectasis

“…Müller cell dysfunction, on the other hand, could lead to outer retinal atrophy and degeneration, because Müller cells maintain the health of the surrounding neurons including the outer retinal neurons (photoreceptors). 19,25,[27][28][29] The foveal cysts seen on OCT are not specifically mentioned in Gass' description of this disease. With slit lamp biomicroscopy, these areas, when visible, look like lamellar macular holes.…”