Targeted delivery of emamectin benzoate by functionalized polysuccinimide nanoparticles for the flowering cabbage and controlling Plutella xylostella

Abstract

BACKGROUND Plutella xylostella, one of the most destructive and cosmopolitan pests of cruciferous crops, is especially harmful to the young tissues of the flowering cabbage (Brassica campestris L.). Although emamectin benzoate (EB) has high insecticidal activity against P. xylostella, one major reason of low utilization for EB is the lack of internal transport in the young plants. RESULTS In this study, four kinds of functional EB/polysuccinimide (PSI) with glycine methylester nanoparticles (EB@PGA NPs) were prepared. The obtained EB@PGA NPs could effectively protect EB from photolysis, and the degradation rate of EB@PGA NPs was <30% in 24 h. Simulating the intestinal pH = 9 of P. xylostella, the highest cumulative release rate of EB@PGA NPs could reach 89.61% in 24 h. Furthermore, EB@PGA NPs could delivery EB into the young tissues of the flowering cabbage through the nanocarrier, and the highest transport efficiency of EB@PGA25 reached 1.437%. The bioactivity of EB@PGA25 against P. xylostella larvae (LC50 = 0.34 μg mL−1) was 1.6‐fold higher than that of EB (LC50 = 0.53 μg mL−1). EB@PGA could easily become ‘internalized’ into the intestinal wall of P. xylostella, thus increasing the penetration of the drug and enhancing the insecticidal activity. CONCLUSION The accurate delivery of insecticides by PGA nanocarriers into young tissues of plants could be a promising new method for the efficient management of field pests and diseases. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

Development of emamectin benzoate-loaded liposome nano-vesicles with thermo-responsive behavior for intelligent pest control

“…EB had multiple weight loss platforms and its main pyrolysis occurred at 218 1C and 422 1C. 32 The TGA curve of B-Lip was similar to that of YL because of the high content of YL in the liposome composition. The weight loss peaks of EB-Lip-NV at 258 1C and 355 1C were attributed to the combined effects of EB and B-Lip.…”

Effects of Methoxyfenozide-Loaded Fluorescent Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles on Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Mortality and Detoxification Enzyme Levels Activities

“…Third-instar live insect samples, after treating with blank carrier material of FL-SiO 2 NPs, were taken for fluorescence imaging 72 h after exposure. The previously described dissection method [ 32 , 36 , 37 ] was used to remove the midgut of larvae for visual observation of fluorescent NPs in the P. xylostella body. The larvae were surface-sterilized for 5 s in 95% ethanol before dissection.…”

Enhancing Systemic Translocation of Insecticides via Nanoformulations Incorporating β-Cyclodextrin Octadecarboxylate as a Carrier

“…20−23 Nevertheless, the literature lacks extensive reports on the systemic translocation of pesticides utilizing organic polymers as carrier in nanoformulations. 24,25 β-Cyclodextrin, a natural cyclic oligosaccharide derived from enzymatic digestion of starch consisting of 7 D-glucose units, possesses an asymmetric torus-shaped structure (truncated cone) with primary and secondary hydroxyl groups located on the narrower and wider rims. 26 This hydrophilic molecular cage exhibits a hydrophobic interior that enables the encapsulation of hydrophobic molecules.…”

“…The utilization of nanopesticides has been demonstrated as an another efficacious approach for enhancing the absorption and translocation of nonsystemic pesticides . Inorganic nanoparticles, particularly mesoporous silica-based ones, have been extensively investigated due to their capability for systemic translocation in plants. − Nevertheless, the literature lacks extensive reports on the systemic translocation of pesticides utilizing organic polymers as carrier in nanoformulations. , …”