Targeted brain tumor imaging by using discrete biopolymer-coated nanodiamonds across the blood–brain barrier

Abstract

A protein-derived nanodiamond-based nanoprobe with targeting properties is established for brain tumor imaging.

Nanodiamonds for Biomedical Applications – Features of Interaction with Blood Components and Behavior in the Circulatory System [Review]

“…The discovered ability of ND to penetrate the BBB opens up new possibilities for delivery of medicines for the treatment of brain deceases [23], including brain cancer, neurodegenerative and infection diseases. Efficient transport of biopolymer-coated ND across an intact BBB was observed using in vitro model [65] and after intravenous injection in vivo [66]. Fig.…”

Recent Development of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds for Optical Biosensing and Disease Diagnosis

“…Surface-modified FNDs with PEGylated denatured Bovine-serum albumin (BSA) and tumor vasculature-pursuing tripeptides were utilized for suppressing the in vitro blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability and effectively approaching the target site [ 83 ]. The BBB is a significant barrier to the delivery of drugs used for diagnosis when the particle size exceeds 200 nm.…”

“…Protein-coated FNDs exhibit a strong colloidal stability in solvents and reduce the formation of aggregates [ 85 , 86 ], whereas carboxyl-FNDs tend to form clusters [ 87 ]. The respective T 2 weighted images can monitor brain tumor growth for a 1mm size due to the spin–spin relaxation of NV centers in FNDs [ 83 ].…”

Targeting cell surface glycans with lectin-coated fluorescent nanodiamonds

“…Our findings demonstrate that lectinconjugated nanodiamonds are compatible with bio-imaging studies in brain cells and are endocytosed under normal culturing conditions, these coated diamonds show CNS cell-type preferences for uptake based on their lectin binding affinities. Delivery of most nanomaterials or drugs into the CNS is often blocked by the blood brain barrier (BBB) as a protection mechanism 52 although polyethylene glycol (PEG) and biopolymer coating on nanodiamonds facilitates their passing through the BBB following intravenous injection in mice 53 . Coating FNDs with PEG and lectins 54 , especially WGA, could be even more beneficial for crossing the BBB 55 without causing disruption 56 , while achieving targeting to CNS cells.…”

“…Delivery of most nanomaterials or drugs into the CNS is often blocked by the blood–brain barrier (BBB) as a protection mechanism 52 although polyethylene glycol (PEG) and biopolymer coating on nanodiamonds facilitates their passing through the BBB following intravenous injection in mice. 53 Coating FNDs with PEG and lectins, 54 especially WGA, could be even more beneficial for crossing the BBB 55 without causing disruption, 56 while achieving targeting to CNS cells. The nanodiamond-based platform developed here can be adapted in future studies for efficient ways of achieving cell-type specific drug delivery to brain cells using lectin-conjugated nanodiamonds.…”