Targeted and non-targeted mass spectrometry to explore the chemical diversity of the genus Gambierdiscus in the Atlantic Ocean

Yon, Thomas; Réveillon, Damien; Sibat, Manoëlla; Holland, Chris; Litaker, R. Wayne; Nascimento, Silvia M.; Rossignoli, Araceli E.; Riobó, Pilar; Hess, Philipp; Bertrand, Samuel

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114095

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 74 publications

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“…poorly informative MS/MS spectra). This is, however, common when trying to annotate marine microalgal metabolomes (Zendong et al, 2016;Gémin et al, 2021;Yon et al, 2024). Regardless, knowledge about grazer deterring metabolites in microalgae is generally poor, especially for effects induced by chemical cues such as copepodamides, except for "known toxins" such as PSTs or ASTs.…”

Section: Metabolomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of copepod chemical cues on intra- and extracellular toxins in two species ofDinophysis

Pourdanandeh,

Séchet,

Carpentier

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Copepods may contribute to harmful algal bloom formation by selectively rejecting harmful cells. Additionally, copepods and the chemical cues they exude, copepodamides, have been shown to induce increased toxin production in paralytic and amnesic toxin producing microalgae. However, it is unknown if diarrhetic shellfish toxin (DST) producers such asDinophysisrespond to copepods or copepodamides in a similar fashion. Here we expose laboratory cultures ofDinophysis sacculusandD. acuminatato direct grazing byAcartiasp. copepods or copepodamides and measure their toxins after three days. Total DSTs increased by 8 - 45% inD. sacculusbut was significantly different from controls only in the highest (10 nM) copepodamide treatment whereas toxin content was not affected inD. acuminata. Growth rate was low across all groups and explained up to 91% of the variation in toxin content. DSTs were redistributed from internal compartments to the extracellular medium in the highest copepodamide treatments (5 - 10 nM), which were two to three times higher than controls and indicates an active release or passive leakage of toxins. Untargeted analysis of endometabolomes indicated significant changes in metabolite profiles for both species in response to the highest copepodamide treatments, independent of known toxins. However, it is not clear whether these are stress responses or caused by more complex mechanisms. The relatively small grazer-induced effect inDinophysisobserved here, compared to several species ofAlexandriumandPseudo-nitzschiareported previously, suggests that DST production inDinophysisis likely not induced by copepods, except perhaps in patches with high copepod densities. DSTs may, however, represent a constitutive chemical defence forDinophysis, or serve an altogether different purpose.

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Section: Metabolomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of copepod chemical cues on intra- and extracellular toxins in two species ofDinophysis

Pourdanandeh,

Séchet,

Carpentier

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Morphological, Toxicological, and Biochemical Characterization of Two Species of Gambierdiscus from Bahía de La Paz, Gulf of California

Fernández-Herrera,

Núñez-Vázquez,

Hernández-Sandoval

et al. 2024

Marine Drugs

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We describe five new isolates of two Gambierdiscus species from Bahía de La Paz in the southern Gulf of California. Batch cultures of Gambierdiscus were established for morphological characterization using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Pigment and amino acid profiles were also analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV and HPLC-DAD). Finally, toxicity (CTX-like and MTX-like activity) was evaluated using the Artemia salina assay (ARTOX), mouse assay (MBA), marine fish assay (MFA), and fluorescent receptor binding assay (fRBA). These strains were identified as Gambierdiscus cf. caribaeus and Gambierdiscus cf. carpenteri. Toxicity for CTX-like and MTX-like activity was confirmed in all evaluated clones. Seven pigments were detected, with chlorophyll a, pyridine, Chl2, and diadinoxanthin being particularly noteworthy. For the first time, a screening of the amino acid profile of Gambierdiscus from the Pacific Ocean was conducted, which showed 14 amino acids for all strains except histidine, which was only present in G. cf. caribeaus. We report the presence of Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa species in the Mexican Pacific, where ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) cases have occurred.

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Targeted and non-targeted mass spectrometry to explore the chemical diversity of the genus Gambierdiscus in the Atlantic Ocean

Cited by 2 publications

References 74 publications

Effects of copepod chemical cues on intra- and extracellular toxins in two species ofDinophysis

Effects of copepod chemical cues on intra- and extracellular toxins in two species ofDinophysis

Morphological, Toxicological, and Biochemical Characterization of Two Species of Gambierdiscus from Bahía de La Paz, Gulf of California

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