2000
DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(00)00610-6
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Target volume definition for upper abdominal irradiation using CT scans obtained during inhale and exhale phases

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Cited by 68 publications
(31 citation statements)
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“…This allows adequate reconstruction in all axes for accurate target delineation. Tumors and organs in the upper abdomen may move significantly due to respiration, and motion of these structures ranging from 5 to 9 mm has been demonstrated (44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49). For this reason, assessment of 4-dimensional (4D) motion is very strongly recommended for tumors above the iliac crest (level of evidence IIA).…”
Section: Radiation Simulationmentioning
confidence: 98%
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“…This allows adequate reconstruction in all axes for accurate target delineation. Tumors and organs in the upper abdomen may move significantly due to respiration, and motion of these structures ranging from 5 to 9 mm has been demonstrated (44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49). For this reason, assessment of 4-dimensional (4D) motion is very strongly recommended for tumors above the iliac crest (level of evidence IIA).…”
Section: Radiation Simulationmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…For this reason, assessment of 4-dimensional (4D) motion is very strongly recommended for tumors above the iliac crest (level of evidence IIA). Assessment of 4D motion can be achieved using 4D-computed tomography CT scan acquisition with respiratory monitoring of free breathing or CT scans acquired at maximal inspiration and maximal expiration, although the latter technique may overestimate tumor motion (44,46,48,49). If tumor motion of >1 cm is detected, treatment using a form of respiratory control (gating, abdominal compression, breathhold) is recommended.…”
Section: Radiation Simulationmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…This approach requires precise information about the range and direction of motion for the CTV and each organ at risk. This issue has been addressed in the past through various methods, including fluoroscopic tracking of visible anatomic or fiducial markers (10,11), breath-hold CT scanning during the inhale and exhale phases (12), and four-dimensional (4D) CT (13).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Similarly, breath hold techniques (23,25,26) showed average lateral kidney motion of less than 2 mm with average anterior posterior motion of both kidneys between 0.3-6.3 mm. Free breathing techniques (30,31,34,39,40) also showed lateral motion between 0.6-6.2 mm and larger average anterior-posterior motion of up to 8.1 mm.…”
Section: Lateral and Anterior/posterior Kidney Movementmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Eight publications where found describing kidney motion under deep breathing (19)(20)(21)(22) or from breath hold instructions (21,(23)(24)(25)(26). No external devices were used on the abdomen.…”
Section: Kidney Motion During Deep Breathing/breath Holdmentioning
confidence: 99%