Target tracking using Doppler‐only measurements in FM broadcast band commensal radar

Abstract

Radar research using transmitters of opportunity (commensal radar (CR)) has experienced a resurgence in popularity. Most published results to date used a multiple transmitter, single receiver site configuration with combinations of bearing, range and Doppler for target localisation. Doppler-only tracking has received the least attention. This reported work demonstrates with field measurements, using a single frequency modulation broadcast radio transmitter and multiple, spatially distributed, low-cost CR receivers, that Doppler-only tracking is achievable with target position accuracies of 150 m, despite a course range resolution.

Maximum‐likelihood angle estimator for multi‐channel FM‐radio‐based passive coherent location

“…The permutation matrices in (49) and (50) represent that d (1) (θ 1 ) and d (4) (θ 1 ) are associated with d (2) (θ 2 ) and d (3) (θ 2 ) in the multi-channel ML. The RMSE according to the SNR is given in Fig.…”

“…Passive coherent location (PCL) is a passive radar technique that exploits the illuminators of opportunity such as FM (frequency modulated), digital video broadcasting-terrestrial, IEEE 802.11 standard-based Wi-Fi, and GSM (global system for mobile communications) transmitters [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. The basic structure of the PCL system is a bistatic geometry consisting of a receiver, transmitter, and a target.…”

“…Among the various communication and broadcasting systems, one of the popular illuminators in the area of passive radars is an FM radio transmitter [4]. As the FM transmitter has a suitable transmitting power level for detecting targets as compared to other illuminators, the FM-based PCL can realise a wide detection coverage.…”

“…Therefore, a multi-channel structure of FM broadcasting has been considered. The conventional PCL system took into consideration only a single FM channel owing to the simplicity of its implementation [4]. However, as multiple carrier frequencies are allocated to an FM transmitter, as depicted in Fig.…”

Design and analysis of an 8‐element dipole array for passive coherent location systems

“…Passive coherent location (PCL) systems that use commercial broadcasts, such as FM radio, television broadcasts, and mobile networks, have been proposed and extensively studied in recent years 1‐3 . The main purpose of the PCL system is to detect and track targets by examining the correlation between the reference and surveillance channels.…”