Tapir health and conservation medicine

Mangini, Paulo Rogério; Medici, Emília Patrícia; Fernandes-Santos, Renata Carolina

doi:10.1111/j.1749-4877.2012.00323.x

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Two of 17 Baird's tapirs sampled in Costa Rica were positive for antibody to EEE virus and two for WEE virus, and there was a particularly high prevalence of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus with 14 positive individuals, 10 of those with high titers (60-640;Hernandez-Divers et al 2005). There are no reports of clinical manifestations of equine encephalitis in tapirs in the wild or in captivity (Hernandez-Divers et al 2005;Mangini et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Assessment of Wild Lowland Tapir (Tapirus Terrestris) Populations in the Atlantic Forest and Pantanal Biomes, Brazil (1996–2012)

Medici¹,

Mangini²,

Fernandes-Santos³

2014

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:The lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris) is found in South America and is listed as Vulnerable to Extinction by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, Red List of Threatened Species. Health issues, particularly infectious diseases, are potential threats for the species. Health information from 65 wild tapirs from two Brazilian biomes, Atlantic Forest (AF) and Pantanal (PA), were collected during a long-term study (1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012). The study included physic, hematologic and biochemical evaluations, microbiologic cultures, urinalysis, and serologic analyses for antibodies against 13 infectious agents (viral and bacterial). The AF and PA tapirs were significantly different for several hematologic and biochemical parameters. Ten bacteria taxa were identified in the AF and 26 in the PA. Antibodies against five viruses were detected: Bluetongue virus, eastern equine encephalitis virus, western equine encephalitis virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, and porcine parvovirus. A high prevalence of exposure to Leptospira interrogans (10 serovars: Autumnalis, Bratislava, Canicola, Copenhageni, Grippotyphosa, Hardjo, Hebdomadis, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona, and Pyrogenes) was detected in both the AF and PA sites. A greater diversity of serovars and higher antibody titers were found in the PA. Statistically significant differences between sites were found for L. interrogans, equine encephalitis virus, and porcine parvovirus. Based on physical evaluations, both AF and PA populations were healthy. The differences in the overall health profile of the AF and PA tapir populations appear to be associated with environmental factors and infectious diseases ecology. The extensive datasets on hematology, biochemistry, urinalysis, and microbiology results from this paper can be used as reference values for wild tapirs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Assessment of Wild Lowland Tapir (Tapirus Terrestris) Populations in the Atlantic Forest and Pantanal Biomes, Brazil (1996–2012)

Medici¹,

Mangini²,

Fernandes-Santos³

2014

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…Lentivirus of the Retroviridae family) has been considered a potential risk for tapirs (Mangini et al 2012). EIA virus is a vectorborne disease transmitted principally by hematophagous tabanid flies (Diptera: Tabanidae; Issel and Foil 1984).…”

Section: Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (Eia;mentioning

confidence: 99%

Domestic horses within the Maya biosphere reserve: A possible threat to the Central American tapir (Tapirus bairdii)

et al. 2018

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The Central American tapir (Tapirus bairdii) is the largest herbivore in the Neotropics classified as "endangered." It has been proposed that Equine Infectious Anemia virus (EIA) is a disease of horses with potential to lead to further decline of T. bairdii populations. In this study, we used domestic horses as sentinels for EIA in the Maya Biosphere Reserve in Guatemala. In total, 40 % (13) horses tested were seropositive to EIA. This study may inform wildlife management strategies inside protected areas by considering the threat from incursions of domestic animals inside core areas of natural reserves.Key words. Equine Infectious Anemia disease, Lentivirus, Spillover, Wildlife diseases. RESUMENEl tapir centroamericano (Tapirus bairdii) es el herbívoro más grande del Neotrópico clasificado "en peligro de extinción". Ha sido propuesto que la Anemia Infecciosa Equina (AIE) es una enfermedad de caballos con potencial de provocar una declinación de las poblaciones de T. bairdii. En este estudio utilizamos caballos domésticos como centinelas para AIE en la Reserva de la Biosfera Maya en Guatemala. En total, el 40 % (13) caballos evaluados fueron seropositivos a AIE. Este estudio puede orientar las estrategias de manejo de áreas protegidas, considerando la amenaza de incursiones de animales domésticos en zonas núcleo de reservas naturales.Palabras clave. Enfermedad Anemia Infecciosa Equina, Lentivirus, Transmisión, Enfermedades de vida silvestre.

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“…Tapirs are typically maintained in outdoor enclosures with an indoor night den. 41 Adult tapirs generally tolerate temperatures from just above 0° C (32° F) to 38° C (100° F), 68 but calves should not be exposed to temperatures below 10° C (50° F) until three months of age. 68 Two-meter high barriers are necessary, as tapirs reportedly climb well.…”

Section: Special Housing Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%