Taphonomic analysis of Saurichthys from two stratigraphic horizons in the Middle Triassic of Monte San Giorgio, Switzerland

Beardmore, Susan R.; Furrer, Heinz

doi:10.1007/s00015-015-0194-z

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This taphonomic gradient is associated with increasing water depth and decreasing sedimentation rates between the two formations studied (Meride and Besano Formations). The low degree of skeletal completeness observed in the Posidonienschiefer Formation saurichthyids, combined with high prevalence of the head unit in isolation, agrees well with the findings of Beardmore & Furrer (2016b) for the Besano Formation in terms of preservation, water depth, and sedimentation. In the latest tenuicostatum Zone, a time corresponding to a sea level lowstand (Röhl & Schmid-Röhl 2005), water depths are estimated at 50 m or less in the southwest German Basin, gradually deepening to 100-150 m by the latest serpentinum Zone (Riegraf et al 1984;Röhl et al 2001).…”

Section: Maxwell Ee and Stumpf S Revision Of Saurorhynchussupporting

confidence: 83%

“…; Griffith 1959Griffith , 1962Griffith , 1977. Beardmore & Furrer (2016b) analyzed the taphonomy of saurichthyid fishes from the Middle Triassic Monte San Giorgio lagerstätte, and this study provides a basis for comparison with the taphonomic patterns observed for the Posidonia Shale saurichthyids. Specifically, Beardmore & Furrer (2016b) report frequent isolation of the head unit from the postcranium, then loss of the opercles, followed by loss of the mandible.…”

Section: Maxwell Ee and Stumpf S Revision Of Saurorhynchusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beardmore & Furrer (2016b) analyzed the taphonomy of saurichthyid fishes from the Middle Triassic Monte San Giorgio lagerstätte, and this study provides a basis for comparison with the taphonomic patterns observed for the Posidonia Shale saurichthyids. Specifically, Beardmore & Furrer (2016b) report frequent isolation of the head unit from the postcranium, then loss of the opercles, followed by loss of the mandible. This taphonomic gradient is associated with increasing water depth and decreasing sedimentation rates between the two formations studied (Meride and Besano Formations).…”

Section: Maxwell Ee and Stumpf S Revision Of Saurorhynchusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revision of Saurorhynchus (Actinopterygii: Saurichthyidae) from the Early Jurassic of England and Germany

Maxwell¹,

Stumpf²

2017

EJT

463

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Abstract. Saurichthyidae is a speciose group of fishes, ranging from the Late Permian to the Middle Jurassic. Early Jurassic saurichthyids are usually considered morphologically less disparate and taxonomically less diverse than their Triassic counterparts, consisting of only two valid species. These were historically differentiated almost entirely based on cranial ratios, and both had stratigraphic ranges spanning the Early Jurassic. Here, we revise the Early Jurassic saurichthyid fishes of Europe based on restudy of the type material of Saurorhynchus brevirostris (Woodward, 1895) and S. acutus (Agassiz, 1844). We identify four species based on cranial osteology: S. acutus, S. brevirostris, S. anningae sp. nov., and S. hauffi sp. nov. Saurorhynchus brevirostris and S. anningae sp. nov. are known from the Sinemurian of England only, whereas S. acutus and S. hauffi sp. nov. share a broad European distribution during the Toarcian, from southwestern Germany to England. Saurorhynchus anningae sp. nov. and S. brevirostris, in particular, show disparity in such ecomorphologically important traits as cranial fineness, and tooth and jaw morphology. In contrast, S. acutus and S. hauffi sp. nov. show much lower levels of disparity, differing from each other in nostril morphology, dermal ornamentation, and position of the lateral extrascapular. The new species do not increase diversity estimates for Saurorhynchus in either the Sinemurian or Toarcian interval.

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Section: Maxwell Ee and Stumpf S Revision Of Saurorhynchussupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Maxwell Ee and Stumpf S Revision Of Saurorhynchusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Maxwell Ee and Stumpf S Revision Of Saurorhynchusmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Revision of Saurorhynchus (Actinopterygii: Saurichthyidae) from the Early Jurassic of England and Germany

Maxwell¹,

Stumpf²

2017

EJT

463

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Along with sauropterygian remains ( Stockar & Renesto , 2011 ), land plant remains ( Stockar & Kustatscher , 2010 ) and quasi-anaerobic foraminiferal faunas ( Stockar , 2010 ) the new excavations brought to light many complete and well-preserved specimens of several actinopterygian fishes, including the taxa Saurichthys , Besania , Eosemionotus , Peltopleurus , Eoeugnathus ( Renesto & Stockar , 2009 ; Stockar , 2010 ; R Stockar, 2014, unpublished data), and the new basal neopterygian genus described herein. Coupled with widespread oxygen-depletion excluding benthic scavengers, rapid coating of skeletons by benthic bacterial mats and high sedimentation rate played the key role in protecting the carcasses from decay and in holding skeletal elements together ( Stockar et al , 2013 ; Beardmore & Furrer , 2016a ; Beardmore & Furrer , 2016b ). The top of the lower Meride Limestone is defined by a very discontinuous dolostone horizon (“Dolomitband”; Frauenfelder , 1916 ) resulting from late diagenetic dolomitization cutting across the stratification of the Meride Limestone ( Stockar et al , 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New holostean fishes (Actinopterygii: Neopterygii) from the Middle Triassic of the Monte San Giorgio (Canton Ticino, Switzerland)

López‐Arbarello

Bürgin

Furrer

et al. 2016

PeerJ

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The new neopterygian genus Ticinolepis, including two new species T. longaeva and T. crassidens is described from Middle Triassic carbonate platform deposits of the Monte San Giorgio. The anatomy of this fish shows a mosaic of halecomorph and ginglymodian characters and, thus, the new taxon probably represents a basal holostean. During the latest Anisian to earliest Ladinian the two new species coexisted in the intraplatform basin represented by the uppermost Besano Formation, but only T. longaeva sp. nov. inhabited the more restricted basin represented by the Ladinian Meride Limestone (except for the Kalkschieferzone). The more widely distributed type species shows interesting patterns of intraspecific variation including ontogenetic changes and morphological variation over time. The second species presents anatomical features that strongly indicate a strictly durophagous diet. The different distribution of the species is interpreted as a result of habitat partitioning and different adaptability to palaeoenvironmental changes.

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“…). It is considered to represent a restricted basin, with low‐oxygen benthic conditions and relatively rapid sedimentation, facilitating exceptional preservation of vertebrate fossils (Stockar ; Beardmore & Furrer ). This includes phosphatized muscle tissues, embryonic remains, and details of gastrointestinal anatomy in Saurichthys (Renesto & Stockar ; Maxwell et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re‐evaluation of the ontogeny and reproductive biology of the Triassic fish Saurichthys (Actinopterygii, Saurichthyidae)

et al. 2018

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Viviparity has evolved independently at least 12 times in ray-finned fishes. However, the fossil record of actinopterygian viviparity is poor, with only two documented occurrences. Both of these are from the non-teleost actinopterygian Saurichthys, and include S. curionii and S. macrocephalus from the Middle Triassic Meride Limestone (Monte San Giorgio, Switzerland). Here, we present new data on the reproductive biology of these species, giving unprecedented insights into their life-history. Based on positional and preservational criteria, six specimens were identified as unambiguously gravid. Embryos were positioned dorsal to the gastrointestinal tract, parallel to the axial skeleton and to each other, in the posterior two-thirds of the abdominal region. A minimum of 16 embryos are preserved in the most fecund females and, based on the largest preserved embryos and smallest preserved neonates, birth must have occurred at 7-12% of maternal fork length. Embryonic crania and teeth are relatively well-ossified, however ossification of the parietal region is delayed. In the postcranium, the median scale rows and lepidotrichia are ossified, but not the lateral scale rows. Ossified squamation and gradual allometric growth suggests that neonates did not undergo metamorphosis and were relatively precocial. When considered in a phylogenetic context, neither live birth nor internal fertilization appears to represent the primitive state for saurichthyid fishes.

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Taphonomic analysis of Saurichthys from two stratigraphic horizons in the Middle Triassic of Monte San Giorgio, Switzerland

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Revision of Saurorhynchus (Actinopterygii: Saurichthyidae) from the Early Jurassic of England and Germany

Revision of Saurorhynchus (Actinopterygii: Saurichthyidae) from the Early Jurassic of England and Germany

New holostean fishes (Actinopterygii: Neopterygii) from the Middle Triassic of the Monte San Giorgio (Canton Ticino, Switzerland)

Re‐evaluation of the ontogeny and reproductive biology of the Triassic fish Saurichthys (Actinopterygii, Saurichthyidae)

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