Tapered slotline antennas at 802 GHz

Acharya, P. R.; Ekström, H.; Gearhart, S.S.; Jacobsson, Stellan; Johansson, J.; Kollberg, E.; Rebeiz, Gabriel M.

doi:10.1109/22.247916

Cited by 41 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Finally, we characterize a CPW realized on a double layers on standard silicon and silicon-oxyde (S i O 2 ) passivation layers. We compare the results obtained with the FDTD simulation, including both metallic and dielectric losses, with measurements and another numerical method published in [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Scattered field improvement of tapered slot antenna using a parabolic-shaped slot

Mokraoui

Aksas

2005

Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett.

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and a coplanar microstrip feed has been studied. Good agreement between the simulated results and experimental ones confirms the cavity-model theoretical analysis. The results also demonstrate that this proposed antenna achieves high isolation (better than Ϫ41 dB) for two polarizations in the entire operating bandwidth (8.5-9.5 GHz) and a low cross-polarization level of less than Ϫ30 dB. . For the same substrate, length, and aperture size, the beamwidth of the LTSA appears to be narrower than the Vivaldi aerial's beamwidth. It has been noticed that the directivity of an LTSA spreads between 11 and 17 dB. A variant of the LTSA, the constant-width slot antenna (CWSA), has been used in an imaging array [3]. In general, the CWSA is more directive than the LTSA, with a counterpart of higher side lobes. The side-lobe levels of TSAs are different in the E-and H-planes (the planes are depicted in Fig. 1). This unwanted characteristic is overcome by using another special slot shape, corresponding to the Fermi function [4]. One of the major drawbacks of TSAs is their level of cross polarisation in the D-plane. It is reported that the lowest levels are achieved with the Vivaldi antenna (Ϫ15 dB in [5]). Unfortunately, this TSA exhibits poor directivity. As a trade-off, the broken tapered-slot antenna (BLTSA) was developed [6]. The latter has a gain of 13 to 14 dB for a cross-polarisation level of Ϫ11 dB, which is Ϫ2-dB less than its equivalent LTSA.From this brief introduction, we notice that TSA characteristics are very sensitive to slot shape. Herein, we attempt to present a new TSA that has a high directivity and a low cross-polarisation level based on a parabolic tapered slot (yielding the PTSA). The choice of this shape is inspired by qualitative principles obtained from various experimental contributions. On the other hand, the slot dimensions are obtained using numerical methods [7, 8]. ANTENNA DESIGNFirst, we determine the outer dimensions of the antenna. It is well known [3] that the directivity of a TSA is linear with respect to its length L (Fig. 1). The upper limit is fixed by the mechanical strength of the dielectric substrate because, without a ground plane, a too-long antenna bends under the effect of its weight. Given this consideration, we used an average length of L ϭ 5.5 0 . The choice of the width H (Fig. 1) is dictated by Janaswamy's experimental work [9], wherein it is said that TSAs exhibit interesting behaviour when they are made to be narrow. We retained H ϭ 1.5 0 . The chosen dielectric substrate has permittivity r ϭ 2.95 and thickness d ϭ 1.524 mm.Gibson [1] states that the directivity of a TSA antenna is proportional to the rate at which the electromagnetic energy is delivered. This basic idea is proven when studying the directivity versus the flare angle of the LTSA. This basic statement helps to explain the poor directivity of Vivaldi antennas. Indeed, the smooth exponentially shaped taper delivers its energy very slowly. Thus, optimising the directivity of TSAs is equivalent to finding the shap...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Unfortunately, this TSA exhibits poor directivity. As a trade-off, the broken tapered-slot antenna (BLTSA) was developed [6]. The latter has a gain of 13 to 14 dB for a cross-polarisation level of Ϫ11 dB, which is Ϫ2-dB less than its equivalent LTSA.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scattered field improvement of tapered slot antenna using a parabolic-shaped slot

Mokraoui

Aksas

2005

Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett.

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“…This demands a reduction in size of the structure without sacrificing the performance advantages of a TSA. Lots of researchers have presented miniaturized compact designs of TSAs [6,11,12]. An attempt to achieve one such compact TSA design for airborne radar applications has been made in this paper for readers' reference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wide Beam Tapered Slot Antenna for Wide Angle Scanning Phased Array Antenna

Kedar¹,

Beenamole²

2011

PIER B

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Abstract-Design and development of a low profile, compact, wide beam and wide band printed double layered exponentially tapered slot antenna (DTSA) with a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed meant for wide scan active phased array antenna in X-band has been presented. DTSA satisfies the requirements on the maximum reflection coefficient of Γ ≤ −10 dB for ±60 • and ±45 • scan from broadside in H-and Eplanes, respectively with a moderate gain of 4-7 dBi. Realized antenna has shown a symmetric pattern together with moderately high gain, low cross-polarization and 3 dB beam width better than ±60 • and ±45 • in H-and E-planes, respectively. The designed structure is expected to find applications in mounting platforms with limited RF real estate available to it like in military aircrafts, owing to its easy integration with the uni-planar monolithic millimeter-wave integrated circuits.

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“…Such arrays can be designed to produce a narrow symmetrical beam, sensitive in two mutually orthogonal polarisations, with low sidelobe level. Vivaldi antennas have been built to operate over frequencies from less than 1 GHz to a few hundred GHz [2,3], and have evolved to several different forms. However, most common are those printed on radio frequency circuit board material, which is the kind presented in this Letter.…”

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confidence: 99%

Integrated low-loss balun for Vivaldi antennas

2009

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A low-loss balun is presented that can be integrated on the low-permittivity substrates usually used in the construction of the adjoining Vivaldi antenna for improving the antenna radiation. However, it also increases the unwanted radiation of the feeding balun required for impedance matching and mode conversion. The radiation losses of the balun are reduced by limiting the size of balun, which is achieved by cladding the balun with slabs of high permittivity dielectric.Introduction: Vivaldi antennas are extensively used for radar applications to form dense, two-dimensional arrays to operate over a large frequency range [1]. Such arrays can be designed to produce a narrow symmetrical beam, sensitive in two mutually orthogonal polarisations, with low sidelobe level. Vivaldi antennas have been built to operate over frequencies from less than 1 GHz to a few hundred GHz [2, 3], and have evolved to several different forms. However, most common are those printed on radio frequency circuit board material, which is the kind presented in this Letter. It has been reported in the literature that Vivaldi antennas can operate over a 5:1 frequency range [1]. To utilise as much of the antenna's inherent bandwidth as possible, the design of a balun with equal bandwidth is important as it facilitates the necessary impedance matching and mode conversion (balancedline to unbalanced-line). Vivaldi antennas are travelling-wave antennas that are fed with opposite potentials with respect to a common ground, thus requiring a balanced-line feed. It is a well known fact that a direct connection with an unbalanced transmission line to a balanced line fed antenna can cause both the antenna and the adjoining transmission line to radiate (e.g. the outer sheath of coaxial cable radiates). This condition causes a poor transfer of energy to/from the antenna, and will adversely alter its radiation pattern.Trifunovic and Jokanovic [4] introduced a numerical method for designing a fourth-order balun with equal ripple response. In recent publications there are a large number of broadband balun designs involving printed circuit board material [5,6]. In this Letter we address the problem of constructing a fourth-order Marchand balun on a Vivaldi antenna unit. We used low-permittivity laminate to facilitate radiation from the antenna. To reduce dissipative losses and unwanted radiation from the balun, it was clad with a thin slab of high-permittivity dielectric material. To adjust line impedances to values required by the design, the exposed metal side is clad with a dielectric superstrate. This reduces the physical size of the balun components and decreases unwanted radiation.

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Tapered slotline antennas at 802 GHz

Cited by 41 publications

References 13 publications

Scattered field improvement of tapered slot antenna using a parabolic-shaped slot

Scattered field improvement of tapered slot antenna using a parabolic-shaped slot

Wide Beam Tapered Slot Antenna for Wide Angle Scanning Phased Array Antenna

Integrated low-loss balun for Vivaldi antennas

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