Tansley Review No. 95: <sup>15</sup>N natural abundance in soil–plant systems

Högberg, Peter

doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.1998.00239.x

Cited by 256 publications

(432 citation statements)

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“…, Padgett et al. ), and cities with older neighborhoods in the urban areas may experience greater soil N losses over time than the younger homes in suburban and exurban areas, enriching the remaining soil N and contributing to the differences in soil δ 15 N (Högberg ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil δ 15 N enrichment results from a proportional increase in enriched N sources (Kendall et al. ), or from soil N cycling processes that increase soil 14 N losses (Högberg , Robinson ). Older homes in BAL, BOS, and PHX are in urban rather than suburban/exurban residential areas suggesting that enriched urban δ 15 N sources may contribute to greater soil δ 15 N in yards around older homes (Ammann et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Discrimination against 15 N occurs during the majority of soil N processes, resulting in products depleted in 15 N relative to substrates. For example, NO 3 − is depleted in 15 N relative to the substrate NH 4 + from which it was produced (Högberg , Dawson et al. ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urban soil carbon and nitrogen converge at a continental scale

Trammell

Pataki

Pouyat

et al. 2020

Ecological Monographs

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In urban areas, anthropogenic drivers of ecosystem structure and function are thought to predominate over larger‐scale biophysical drivers. Residential yards are influenced by individual homeowner preferences and actions, and these factors are hypothesized to converge yard structure across broad scales. We examined soil total C and total δ13C, organic C and organic δ13C, total N, and δ15N in residential yards and corresponding reference ecosystems in six cities across the United States that span major climates and ecological biomes (Baltimore, Maryland; Boston, Massachusetts; Los Angeles, California; Miami, Florida; Minneapolis‐St. Paul, Minnesota; and Phoenix, Arizona). Across the cities, we found soil C and N concentrations and soil δ15N were less variable in residential yards compared to reference sites supporting the hypothesis that soil C, N, and δ15N converge across these cities. Increases in organic soil C, soil N, and soil δ15N across urban, suburban, and rural residential yards in several cities supported the hypothesis that soils responded similarly to altered resource inputs across cities, contributing to convergence of soil C and N in yards compared to natural systems. Soil C and N dynamics in residential yards showed evidence of increasing C and N inputs to urban soils or dampened decomposition rates over time that are influenced by climate and/or housing age across the cities. In the warmest cities (Los Angeles, Miami, Phoenix), greater organic soil C and higher soil δ13C in yards compared to reference sites reflected the greater proportion of C4 plants in these yards. In the two warm arid cities (Los Angeles, Phoenix), total soil δ13C increased and organic soil δ13C decreased with increasing home age indicating greater inorganic C in the yards around newer homes. In general, soil organic C and δ13C, soil N, and soil δ15N increased with increasing home age suggesting increased soil C and N cycling rates and associated 12C and 14N losses over time control yard soil C and N dynamics. This study provides evidence that conversion of native reference ecosystems to residential areas results in convergence of soil C and N at a continental scale. The mechanisms underlying these effects are complex and vary spatially and temporally.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urban soil carbon and nitrogen converge at a continental scale

Trammell

Pataki

Pouyat

et al. 2020

Ecological Monographs

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“…Choi et al (2002) also concluded that 15 N is a poor tracer of the N sources applied. Although δ 15 N for plant matter primarily reflects the isotope signature of the N source, discrimination may occur during N uptake, assimilation and redistribution within the plant (Högberg, 1997; Robinson et al , 1998). There is also evidence of genotypic variability in isotopic fractionation (Robinson et al , 2000; Ellis et al , 2002; Coque et al , 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of urea fertilisation and genotype on yield, nitrogen use efficiency, δ¹⁵N and δ¹³C in wheat

Serret

Ortiz-Monasterio

Pardo

et al. 2008

Annals of Applied Biology

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New methodologies to assess nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in field crops could help in the characterisation of large numbers of genotypes and growing conditions. The effects of chemical nitrogen fertilisation on yield: nitrogen taken up by the crop, NUE and its components utilisation efficiency (UTE) and uptake efficiency (UPE) and the stable carbon (d 13 C) and nitrogen (d 15 N) composition of mature grains and straw were evaluated. A set of 24 wheat genotypes generated over the past four decades by International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center and the Mexican Institute of Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research were studied under well-irrigated field conditions. Five concentrations of urea were applied as a source of N fertilisation. Fertilisation significantly decreased d 15 N and increased d 13 C, but d 15 N was the isotopic trait most strongly correlated with absolute changes in yield and crop nitrogen (N) accumulation caused by different levels of N fertilisation. Both grain d 15 N and grain d 13 C correlated positively with NUE and UTE. Differences across genotypes in d 13 C correlated positively with UTE and negatively with grain N content within each of the N levels assayed. Genotypic differences in d 15 N correlated negatively with total grain N accumulated but only at the intermediate levels of N fertilisation. We conclude that under our experimental conditions, natural abundances of 15 N and 13 C may provide complementary information on how nitrogen fertiliser is used by the plant. However, whereas grain yield and biomass, as well as total N accumulated and NUE, increased in the most recent genotypes, only a tendency for higher d 15 N was observed and there was no clear trend for d 13 C. Changes in NUE were paralleled by changes in UPE rather than UTE.

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“…A non‐carnivorous plant can be used as a suitable reference for the soil N contribution. However it is known that microhabitat, rooting depth and mycorrhizal system (Gebauer & Schultze 1991; Hogberg 1997; Schmidt & Stewart 1997; Hobbie et al. 2000) can have strong effects on the δ 15 N value of a plant.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sticky plant captures prey for symbiotic bug: is this digestive mutualism?

Anderson¹,

Kawakita²,

Tayasu³

2012

Plant Biology

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Many plants capture and kill insects but, until relatively recently, only carnivorous plants with digestive enzymes were known to gain directly from the nutrients of those insects. Recent studies show that some carnivorous plants lack digestive enzymes and have evolved digestive mutualisms with symbiotic insects that digest their prey for them. Rhododendron macrosepalum, a plant with sticky leaves that captures insects, has an association with symbiotic Mirid bugs that consume the insects captured. Here, we determine what the nature of the relationship is between Mirid and plant. We find that R. macrosepalum has no digestive enzymes of its own but that it does not seem to have the ability to absorb hemipteran faeces through its leaf cuticle. Naturally occurring levels of (15) N and (14) N were used to determine that R. macrosepalum gains no nitrogen through its association with the Mirid bugs and that it obtains all of its nitrogen from the soil. The Mirids, on the other hand, seem to obtain nitrogen from insects captured by the plant, as well as from plant tissues. The relationship between plant and Mirid is not a digestive mutualism but more likely an antagonistic relationship. This study adds to our understanding of how digestive mutualisms evolve and shows that insect capture alone, or in combination with a symbiotic insect relationship does not necessarily make a plant 'carnivorous'.

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Tansley Review No. 95: ¹⁵N natural abundance in soil–plant systems

Cited by 256 publications

References 0 publications

Urban soil carbon and nitrogen converge at a continental scale

Urban soil carbon and nitrogen converge at a continental scale

The effects of urea fertilisation and genotype on yield, nitrogen use efficiency, δ¹⁵N and δ¹³C in wheat

Sticky plant captures prey for symbiotic bug: is this digestive mutualism?

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Tansley Review No. 95: 15N natural abundance in soil–plant systems

Cited by 256 publications

References 0 publications

Urban soil carbon and nitrogen converge at a continental scale

Urban soil carbon and nitrogen converge at a continental scale

The effects of urea fertilisation and genotype on yield, nitrogen use efficiency, δ15N and δ13C in wheat

Sticky plant captures prey for symbiotic bug: is this digestive mutualism?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Tansley Review No. 95: ¹⁵N natural abundance in soil–plant systems

The effects of urea fertilisation and genotype on yield, nitrogen use efficiency, δ¹⁵N and δ¹³C in wheat