Tannic Acid‐Promoted Deposition of Glucose Oxidase on Titanium Surfaces for Mitigation of Persistent Bacterial Infections

Abstract

Despite significant developments in biomaterials and surgical technologies, healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) caused by bacterial adhesion and growth on the device and implant surfaces still pose a significant risk to patients' well-being. [2] According to statistics, device-related infections account for ≈25% of all HAIs, with substantial consequences on patient mortality and morbidity and the cost of healthcare services. [3] Therefore, it is of growing urgency to find an effective means to combat bacterial infection on biomaterial surfaces. Titanium (Ti) and its alloys have good biocompatibility, high corrosion resistance, low elastic modulus, and strong mechanical strength. [4] They have been widely used in orthopedic and dental implant applications, such as knee replacements, screws to hold the prosthesis, plates and screws to repair traumatic injury and maxillofacial deformity, and others. [5] However, the device-related HAIs on Ti-based substrates continue to present a severe threat, which is particularly challenging to treat and may lead to eventual implant failure. [6] Administration of antibiotics is a common approach in the clinical management of device-related HAIs. Unfortunately, the overuse and misuse of antibiotics culminate in the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. [7] Several surface modification and coating strategies have been developed to minimize bacterial adhesion and inhibit biofilm growth on the Ti-based implants. [8] The surface modification and coating approaches can be divided into passive and active strategies. [2c,9] The passive strategy is to change the material's surface properties (such as hydrophilicity, [10] energy, [11] etc.) to inhibit bacterial adhesion. [12] The active strategy is either to eradicate bacteria in the surrounding environment by releasing biocides or to immobilize the antimicrobials on the substrate surfaces to kill the adhered bacteria. [9,13] The commonly used antimicrobials in active coatings include metal nanostructures, [14] antimicrobial peptides, [7,15] chitosan, [16] poly-l-lysine, [17] and quaternary ammonium salts. [18] However, many surface modification strategies to construct passive and active coatings have their pros and cons in specific applications. Some of them Microbial contamination of the surfaces of biomedical materials/devices is a major obstacle to their clinical applications. Therefore, developing a simple, efficient, and sustainable antibacterial coating is of increasing importance. Inspired by the surface adhesive effect of polyphenols, tannic acid (TA) is utilized to immobilize glucose oxidase (GOD) on the surface of biomedical materials, via hydrogen bonding. Under appropriate physiological conditions, antibacterial and anti-infection effects of the as-constructed TA/GOD coatings are explored. Through enzymatic conversion of glucose to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), the TA/GOD coating shows strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). ...

The Modification of Titanium Surface by Decomposition of Tannic Acid Coating

“…Hydrophilic surfaces have a positive effect on the adhesion of cells, e.g., osteoblasts, which means an increase in the compatibility of the material [23]. It was reported by Cheng et al [24] that tannic acid can be utilized to immobilize glucose oxidase on the surface of biomaterials.…”

Construction of multifunctional coating with cationic amino acid-coupled peptides for osseointegration of implants

“…It provides abundant reactive sites and can serve as a versatile platform for material engineering and surface functionalization. Moreover, TA is rich in catechol groups, which exhibit strong affinity for various substrates and can actively inhibit microbial adhesion and colonization [ 26 , 27 ], and play a crucial role in bone tissue engineering. In a previous study on the supramolecular assembly of peptides [ 28 ], we found that polyphenols exhibit multiple synergistic crosslinking interactions with different peptide side groups and that in the interaction ratio between positively charged peptides and polyphenols in the peptide-polyphenol network, other amino acids are stronger.…”