Tanggap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Biwa terhadap Berbagai Perbandingan Dosis Pupuk N, P, dan K

Abstract

<p>Buah biwa (Eriobotrya japonica) sangat baik untuk kesehatan tubuh dan dapaat digunakan sebagai bahan baku obat-obatan. Budidaya tanaman biwa di tingkat petani saat ini masih bersifat tradisional, sehingga produksinya masih rendah dan belum dapat memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen. Salah satu penyebabnya ialah keterbatasan informasi mengenai penggunaan pupuk yang efektif dan efisien pada pembudidayaannya. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk N, P, dan K pada tanaman biwa. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Tanaman Buah Berastagi dengan ketinggian tempat 1.340 m dpl., dengan jenis tanah Andisol, yang dilaksanakan dari bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember 2006. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial dengan dua ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas tiga faktor yakni : N (0, 180, dan 360 kg/ha), P (0 dan 36 kg/ha), dan K (0, 180, dan 360 kg/ha). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya interaksi NxP dan NxK terhadap pertambahan tinggi tanaman pada umur 6 dan 8 bulan setelah pemberian pupuk pertama.Tidak ada interaksi NxP yang nyata terhadap pertambahan diameter batang, namun ada interaksi NxK yang nyata terhadap pertambahan diameter batang pada umur 4, 6, dan 8 bulan setelah pemberian pupuk pertama. Taraf dosis pupuk N:P:K (360:36:180) kg/ha menghasilkan pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman biwa (tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, serta jumlah tunas) yang lebih baik dari perlakuan lainnya. Hasil analisis daun biwa memperlihatkan bahwa kandungan hara N, P, dan K terbesar dalam daun yang ditemukan pada perlakuan dosis pupuk N:P:K (360:36:180) kg/ha. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai pedoman pemupukan pada budidaya biwa.</p><p> </p><p>Loquat fruits is very good for human health. Furthermore, it can be used as the raw material for some medicines. Until now the loquat cultivataion is still traditionally practiced by farmers, so its production is still very low and can not fulfill consumers demand. One of the reasons is that the information of effective and efficient fertilization is not available. The objective of the research was to determine the effect of N, P, and K fertilizers on the growth of loquat. The research was conducted at Berastagi Experimental Fruit Farm, at altitude of 1,340 m asl, with Andisol soil type, on January to December 2006. A randomized block design was used with two replications. The research consisted of 18 treatments combination with three factors i.e. N (0, 180, and 360 kg/ha), P (0 and 36 kg/ha), and K (0, 180, and 360 kg/ha). The results showed that there were significant interaction effects of NxP and NxK to plant height on 6 and 8 months after the first fertilizer application. The significant interaction effect of NxK was also stem diameter on 4, 6, and 8 months after the first fertilizer application. The dosage of N:P:K (360:36:180 kg/ha) exhibited better vegetative growth of loquat (plants height, stem diameter, and number of shoots) compared to other treatments. The analysis of loquat leaves indicaated that the content of N, P, and K nutrients on leaves was higher on the fertilizer dosage of N:P:K = 360:36:180 kg/ha compared to the other fertilizer treatments.Implication of the research is to guide fertilizing on loquat cultivation.</p>

Optimizing the Utilization of Production Factors of Coffee Farming Under Pine Stands, Pinus merkusii

“…Pupuk merupakan sumber tambahan makanan bagi tanaman, sebagaimana dalam beberapa penelitian menyatakan bahwa komposisi dan dosis pupuk berpengaruh positif terhadap peningkatan produksi tanaman (Mahrus, 2015;Oktavianti, Izzati, & Parman, 2017;Silalahi, Marpaung, & Tarigan, 2011). Namun demikian, apabila jumlah pupuk yang diberikan melebihi kebutuhan tanaman akan berdampak buruk bagi pertumbuhan dan kemampuan berproduksi.…”

Effects of Planting Medium on the Propagation of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica L.) from Cuttings and Seeds

“…In Indonesia, the loquat plant is reported to have naturalized in limited montane forests of Java and Sumatra (Kalkman 1993). Silalahi (2011) and Normasiwi et al (2019) reported that loquat plants had been planted in several areas such as North Sumatra Province (Karo, North Tapanuli, Simalungun, Toba, Samosir, and Dairi), West Java (Cipanas), and North Sulawesi (Tondano). However, loquat cultivation is still done conventionally, so that the resulting product is not optimal and does not meet consumer demand.…”

In vitro regeneration and induction of mutation in Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica L.)

“…It has been grown in more than thirty countries such as Japan, Greece, Israel, Reunion Island, Mauritius Island, USA, Australia, Madagascar, New Zealand and South Africa (Badenes et al, 2000;Vilanova et al, 2001;Feng et al, 2007). In Indonesia, Silalahi et al (2011) reported that it is grown in several places such as North Sumatra (mainly Karo, Tapanuli Utara, Simalungun, Toba Samosir, and Dairi), West Java (Cipanas), and North Celebes (Tondano). Moreover, the loquat cultivation is still traditionally practiced by farmers, so its production is still very low and could not fulfill consumers demand.…”