Tamper Localization and Lossless Recovery Watermarking Scheme with ROI Segmentation and Multilevel Authentication

Abstract

Tamper localization and recovery watermarking scheme can be used to detect manipulation and recover tampered images. In this paper, a tamper localization and lossless recovery scheme that used region of interest (ROI) segmentation and multilevel authentication was proposed. The watermarked images had a high average peak signal-tonoise ratio of 48.7 dB and the results showed that tampering was successfully localized and tampered area was exactly recovered. The usage of ROI segmentation and multilevel authentication had significantly reduced the time taken by approximately 50 % for the tamper localization and recovery processing.

A Quick Glance at DigitalWatermarking in Medical Images -Technique Classification, Requirements, Attacks and Application of Tamper Localization

“…Scheme that operates in the spatial domain developed by [49] produces watermarked image that has high PSNR and has the reversible capability. The recovered image can get exact recovery.…”

“…Reference [49] proposed a scheme called Tamper Localization and Lossless Recovery Watermarking Scheme with ROI Segmentation and Multilevel Authentication (TALLOR-RSMA), which is the enhancement of the tamper localization and lossless recovery (TALLOR) [50] scheme. The quality of the watermarked images using this scheme is high, with the average PSNR of 48.7 dB for the proposed scheme.…”

Watermark Compression in Medical Image Watermarking Using Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) Lossless Compression Technique

“…The final dictionary and code table values are used for extracted watermark decompression [37]. Liew et al [32] presented tamper localization and lossless recovery watermarking scheme for ultrasound medical images. They used image blocks as watermarks, inserted into images, which usually degrade the images' perceptual and diagnostic qualities.…”

“…2. Watermark lossless compression in medical image watermarking is the way to control image degradation by reducing watermark payload [32,33]. In this research work, we use LZW technique for watermark lossless compression in ultrasound medical image watermarking as shown in Fig.…”

Providing Integrity, Authenticity, and Confidentiality for Header and Pixel Data of DICOM Images

“…However, irreversible watermarking is not acceptable in the medical field since the distortion caused to the watermarked image involves noninvertible operations such as bit replacement, truncation, or quantization [8,9]. Reversible watermarking, on the other hand, allows the medical image to be restored to its original pixel values, however, it introduces computational overhead to restore the watermarked image back to its original state [10][11][12][13][14]. Generally speaking, watermarking, by its very essence, introduces image degradation, and thus it has not been adopted yet by medical standards and professionals.…”