Tamoxifen and oestrogen both protect the rat muscle against physiological damage

Koot, Radboud W.; Amelink, G. J.; Blankenstein, Marinus A.; Bär, P.R.

doi:10.1016/0960-0760(91)90292-d

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In contrast, the presence of ovarian hormones was protective in posterior crural muscles (gastrocnemius and soleus) in mdx mice (Figure 3a and b) and estradiol treatment administered to ovariectomized rats partially protected soleus muscle contractility following eccentrically-biased downhill running [29]. However, the overall evidence that ovarian hormones are protective against muscle strength loss is much less convincing than evidence that ovarian hormones can be protective against intramuscular protein efflux, such as creatine kinase, in response to contraction-induced injury [2, 3, 16, 30]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ovarian Hormones on Strength Loss in Healthy and Dystrophic Female Mice

Kosir

Mader

Greising

et al. 2015

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Purpose The primary objective of this study was to determine if strength loss and recovery following eccentric contractions is impaired in healthy and dystrophic female mice with low levels of ovarian hormones. Methods Female C57BL/6 (wildtype) or mdx mice were randomly assigned to ovarian-intact (Sham) and ovariectomized (Ovx) groups. Anterior crural muscles were tested for susceptibility to injury from 150 or 50 eccentric contractions in wildtype and mdx mice, respectively. An additional experiment challenged mdx mice with a 2-wk treadmill running protocol followed by an eccentric contraction injury to posterior crural muscles. Functional recovery from injury was evaluated in wildtype mice by measuring isometric torque 3, 7, 14, or 21 days following injury. Results Ovarian hormone deficiency in wildtype mice did not impact susceptibility to injury as the ~50% isometric torque loss following eccentric contractions did not differ between Sham and Ovx mice (p=0.121). Similarly in mdx mice, hormone deficiency did not affect percent of pre injury isometric torque lost by anterior crural muscles following eccentric contractions (p=0.952), but the percent of pre injury torque in posterior crural muscles was lower in Ovx compared to Sham mice (p=0.014). Recovery from injury in wildtype mice was affected by hormone deficiency. Sham mice recovered pre injury isometric strength by 14 days (96 ± 2%) while Ovx mice maintained deficits at 14 and 21 days post injury (80 ± 3% and 84 ± 2%; p<0.001) Conclusion Ovarian hormone status did not impact the vulnerability of skeletal muscle to strength loss following eccentric contractions. However, ovarian hormone deficiency did impair the recovery of muscle strength in female mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ovarian Hormones on Strength Loss in Healthy and Dystrophic Female Mice

Kosir

Mader

Greising

et al. 2015

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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“…These studies, which either examined diþ erences between the sexes or manipulated oestrogen levels, found that females may be more resistant to the damaging eþ ects of exercise, perhaps as a consequence of oestrogen (Amelink and B"r, 1986;Amelink et al, 1988Amelink et al, , 1990B"r et al, 1988;Koot et al, 1991;Van der Meulen et al, 1991). However, two studies that examined morphological changes in male and female rats after eccentric exercise reported con¯icting results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Response of males and females to high-force eccentric exercise

Rinard¹,

Clarkson²,

Smith³

et al. 2000

Journal of Sports Sciences

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It has previously been shown that females incur less muscle damage than males after strenuous exercise, but limited data are available for humans. To determine possible differences between the sexes in humans, the response to high-force eccentric exercise was examined in a large sample of women (n = 83) and men (n = 82). The participants performed a bout of eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors consisting of 70 maximal repetitions. Isometric strength, resting elbow angle and muscle soreness were measured before, immediately after (except soreness) and then daily for 7 days after exercise. There was a significant loss in strength among both groups (69% for women and 63% for men) (P < 0.01) immediately after exercise; at 168 h post-exercise, women still had a 27% strength loss and men had a 24% strength loss. No significant difference in strength loss or recovery rate was found between men and women. Soreness reached peak values 32-48 h post-exercise (P < 0.01), with no significant difference between men and women. Range of motion decreased significantly until 3 days after exercise (14.6 degrees or 0.255 rad loss for women; 12.2 degrees or 0.213 rad loss for men) (P < 0.01); at 168 h post-exercise, the women and men still showed a loss of 4.8 degrees (0.084 rad) and 4.0 degrees (0.07 rad), respectively. There was a significant interaction of sex x time (P < 0.01); a post-hoc test indicated that the women experienced a greater loss in range of motion at 72 h than men and this difference was maintained to 168 h post-exercise (P < 0.01). Thus, our results do not support the contention that women have a lower response to eccentric exercise than men.

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“…The majority of studies investigating the ergogenic effects of nutritional supplementation on exercise performance and recovery have primarily focused on males [20, 28, 29]. However, there are a few studies that examined female rats and other animals, and female humans [30, 31]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of a multi-ingredient supplement on markers of muscle damage and inflammation following downhill running in females

Köhne

Ormsbee

McKune

2016

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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BackgroundThe effects of a multi-ingredient performance supplement (MIPS) on markers of inflammation and muscle damage, perceived soreness and lower limb performance are unknown in endurance-trained female athletes. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of MIPS (NO-Shotgun®) pre-loaded 4 weeks prior to a single-bout of downhill running (DHR) on hsC-Reactive Protein (hsCRP), interleukin (IL)-6, creatine kinase (CK), muscle soreness, lower limb circumferences and performance.MethodTrained female runners (n = 8; 29 ± 5.9 years) (VO2max: ≥ 50 ml-1.kg-1.min-1, midfollicular phase (7-11 days post-menses) were randomly assigned in a double-blind manner into two groups: MIPS (n = 4) ingested one serving of NO Shotgun daily for 28 days prior to DHR and 30 min prior to all post-testing visits; Control (CON) (n = 4) consumed an isocaloric maltodextrin placebo in an identical manner to MIPS. hsCRP, IL-6, CK, perceived soreness, limb circumferences, and performance measures (flexibility, squat jump peak power) were tested on 5 occasions; immediately before (PRE), immediately post-DHR, 24, 48 and 72 h post-DHR.ResultsThere were main effects of time for CK (p = 0.05), pain pressure threshold (right tibialis anterior (p = 0.010), right biceps femoris (p = 0.01), and left iliotibial band (ITB) (p = 0.05) across all time points), and maximum squat jump power (p = 0.04). Compared with 24 h post-DHR, maximum squat jump power was significantly lower at 48 h post-DHR (p = 0.05). Lower body perceived soreness was significantly increased at 24 h (p = 0.02) and baseline to 48 h (p = 0.02) post DHR. IL-6 peaked immediately post-DHR (p = 0.03) and hsCRP peaked at 24 h post-DHR (p = 0.06). Calculation of effect sizes indicated a moderate attenuation of hsCRP in MIPS at 72 h post-DHR. ConclusionsConsumption of MIPS for 4 weeks prior to a single bout of DHR attenuated inflammation three days post, but did not affect perceived soreness and muscle damage markers in endurance trained female runners following a single bout of DHR.

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Tamoxifen and oestrogen both protect the rat muscle against physiological damage

Cited by 38 publications

References 28 publications

Influence of Ovarian Hormones on Strength Loss in Healthy and Dystrophic Female Mice

Influence of Ovarian Hormones on Strength Loss in Healthy and Dystrophic Female Mice

Response of males and females to high-force eccentric exercise

The effects of a multi-ingredient supplement on markers of muscle damage and inflammation following downhill running in females

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