Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) acclimated to different tropical waters from the Amazon basin shows specific acute-stress responses

Survival and Physiological Recovery after Capture by Hookline: The Case Study of the Blackspot Seabream (Pagellus bogaraveo)

“…Increased plasma cortisol levels are described as a primary stress response; thus, blackspot seabream captured by fishing (as mimicked in the ground facilities of this study by chasing) experience a stressful situation. Our results agree with those of other teleost fish such as S. aurata, C. macropomum, and S. senegalensis after an acute stress response [15][16][17], with the highest cortisol levels during the first hour after the stress, and a decrease afterwards. In those studies, physiological recovery was associated to a sharp decrease in plasma cortisol levels during the first 4 h to 6 h after the challenge, returning to basal pre-stress concentrations in less than 24 h recovery.…”

“…Primary responses in teleost fish include the release of catecholamines (adrenaline and noradrenaline) from chromaffin tissue and cortisol (as the main corticosteroid hormone in teleosts) from the hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal axis [14]. In species from different taxa (Sparus aurata, Solea senegalensis, and Colossoma macropomum), cortisol reached its maximum concentrations in blood within the first 60 min after an acute stress situation [15][16][17], recovering its basal levels between 4 h and 24 h after the challenge [18], depending on the intensity of the stimuli, species, and environmental conditions. Secondary responses are promoted by the action of these hormones, making oxygen and metabolic substrates available to demanding tissues [19].…”

Cortisol and Dexamethasone Mediate Glucocorticoid Actions in the Lesser Spotted Catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula)

“…However, glucose secretion rate diminishes through time, with maximum values within the first 1 h incubation. This time coincides with maximum blood glucose concentration in teleosts after an acute-stress situation such as air exposure [ 20 , 52 ], and may be related to the described effect of dexamethasone in ex vivo cultures of rat hepatocytes, which activated glycogen phosphorylase activity after 10 min [ 69 ]. However, sharks and other elasmobranchs showed delayed in vivo hyperglycemia following acute challenges [ 19 , 26 , 70 , 71 ], while some other authors described the absence of changes [ 21 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 ] that may be related to the low levels of plasma glucose described in this taxa [ 32 ].…”

“…Both hormones activate in vitro transcription of GR in elephant shark and the African lungfish, while RU-486 inhibits elephant shark GR [ 18 , 50 ]. Moreover, as a proxy to evaluate pharmacological consequences of these molecules, higher concentrations were also tested (30 nM, 0.3 µM, 3 µM, and 30 µM) in two females, covering the range described of physiological concentrations of cortisol in teleost fish [ 20 , 51 , 52 ]. This range was tested before in other ex vivo incubation studies in teleost fish [ 53 , 54 , 55 ], and it is assumed to be above the physiological concentrations of corticosteroids in sharks.…”

Physiology: An Important Tool to Assess the Welfare of Aquatic Animals

“…Moreover, in catch-and-release fisheries, it is important to minimize stress on animals so that they can fully recover from the process and return to their natural environment [31,57,60,67,68]. Keeping aquatic animals in the best possible conditions during research experiments is mandatory, since the results may be affected by the care conditions [69][70][71][72]. Finally, the legislation seems to be less strict in aquatic organisms that serve as pets or are used in exhibition centers, such as aquaria.…”