Tall<i>Pinus luzmariae</i>trees with genes from<i>P. herrerae</i>

Wehenkel, Christian; Mariscal-Lucero, Samantha del Rocío; González‐Elizondo, M. Socorro; Aguirre-Galindo, Víctor A.; Fladung, Matthias; López-Sánchez, Carlos A.

doi:10.7717/peerj.8648

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(134 reference statements)

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“…Only the overall median height to the apical bud of hybrid seedlings was slightly, but significantly, greater than the median height of the pure seedlings (Table 3). This has also been observed in hybrids of other species, such as Pinus oocarpa × P. pringei [19] and P. arizonica × P. engelmannii [29], and adult hybrid trees of Pinus luzmariae × P. herrerae, which were taller than pure P. luzmariae trees [35]. However, hybrids generally show intermediate values of height and diameter relative to the (pure) parents [36].…”

Section: Seedling Growth and Survivalsupporting

confidence: 53%

Field Trials to Assess the Growth, Survival, and Stomatal Densities of Five Mexican Pine Species and Their Hybrids under Common Plantation Conditions

Sánchez-Hernández

Quiñones-Pérez

Hernández-Díaz

et al. 2022

Forests

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Understanding hybridization is important for practical reasons, as the presence of hybrid trees in seed stands can influence the success of natural regeneration and reforestation. Hybridization creates new gene combinations, which can promote or enhance adaptation to new or changing environments. In the present research, we aimed, for the first time, to evaluate and compare the growth and survival of 541 putative hybrid seedlings and 455 seedlings of the pure parental trees of Pinus arizonica, P. durangensis, P. engelmannii, P. leiophylla, and P. teocote, in two reciprocal trials of duration 27 months in the Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO), Durango, Mexico. We also examined the possible correlation between needle stomatal density and seedling growth and survival. The overall analysis of the data showed that the mean height to the apical bud was significantly higher (p = 0.01) in the hybrids than in the pure trees. Considering both trials, the survival rate of P. arizonica (p = 0.002) and P. durangensis (p = 0.01) hybrids was significantly higher than that of the pure trees. The growth parameters were significantly correlated with the mean stomatal density (p < 0.01). Stomatal density and survival at the seed stand level were significantly and positively correlated in the hybrids, but not in the pure trees. In summary, Pinus hybrids generally exhibited the same ability as the pure species (or sometimes a greater ability) to withstand weather conditions, survive, and grow effectively in both growth trials. The systematic use of natural pine hybrids in Mexico could therefore be considered a possible option for sustainable management and as a component of adaptive silviculture.

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Section: Seedling Growth and Survivalsupporting

confidence: 53%

Field Trials to Assess the Growth, Survival, and Stomatal Densities of Five Mexican Pine Species and Their Hybrids under Common Plantation Conditions

Sánchez-Hernández

Quiñones-Pérez

Hernández-Díaz

et al. 2022

Forests

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“…Regarding the model metrics, some authors have prevented that the AUC tends to increase when the calibration areas are larger and further from presence records ( Lobo, Jiménez-Valverde & Real, 2008 ; Hijmans, 2012 ), making preferable to consider additional model evaluators like sensitivity, specificity ( Lobo, Jiménez-Valverde & Real, 2008 ), or TSS which accounts for both omission and commission errors and is not influenced by the sample size of each class ( Allouche, Tsoar & Kadmon, 2006 ; Wehenkel et al, 2020 ). The high values of the seven metrics used to evaluate our regional and global models (including AUC, sensitivity, specificity and TSS; Table S3 ), suggested acceptable model performances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assisted migration and the rare endemic plant species: the case of two endangered Mexican spruces

Mendoza-Maya

Gómez‐Pineda

Sáenz‐Romero

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Background In the projected climate change scenarios, assisted migration might play an important role in the ex situ conservation of the threatened plant species, by translocate them to similar suitable habitats outside their native distributions. However, it is unclear if such habitats will be available for the Rare Endemic Plant Species (REPS), because of their very restricted habitats. The aims of this study were to perform a population size assessment for the REPS Picea martinezii Patterson and Picea mexicana Martínez, and to evaluate the potential species distributions and their possibilities for assisted migration inside México and worldwide. Methods We performed demographic censuses, field surveys in search for new stands, and developed distribution models for Last Glacial Maximum (22,000 years ago), Middle Holocene (6,000 years ago), current (1961–1990) and future (2050 and 2070) periods, for the whole Mexican territory (considering climatic, soil, geologic and topographic variables) and for all global land areas (based only on climate). Results Our censuses showed populations of 89,266 and 39,059 individuals for P. martinezii and P. mexicana, respectively, including known populations and new stands. Projections for México indicated somewhat larger suitable areas in the past, now restricted to the known populations and new stands, where they will disappear by 2050 in a pessimistic climatic scenario, and scarce marginal areas (p = 0.5–0.79) remaining only for P. martinezii by 2070. Worldwide projections (based only on climate variables) revealed few marginal areas in 2050 only in México for P. martinezii, and several large areas (p ≥ 0.5) for P. mexicana around the world (all outside México), especially on the Himalayas in India and the Chungyang mountains in Taiwan with highly suitable (p ≥ 0.8) climate habitats in current and future (2050) conditions. However, those suitable areas are currently inhabited by other endemic spruces: Picea smithiana (Wall.) Boiss and Picea morrisonicola Hayata, respectively. Conclusions Assisted migration would only be an option for P. martinezii on scarce marginal sites in México, and the possibilities for P. mexicana would be continental and transcontinental translocations. This rises two possible issues for future ex situ conservation programs: the first is related to whether or not consider assisted migration to marginal sites which do not cover the main habitat requirements for the species; the second is related to which species (the local or the foreign) should be prioritized for conservation when suitable habitat is found elsewhere but is inhabited by other endemic species. This highlights the necessity to discuss new policies, guidelines and mechanisms of international cooperation to deal with the expected high species extinction rates, linked to projected climate change.

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“…The genetic compatibility between the scion and the rootstock is also a determining factor in grafting success (Lott et al, 2003;Hibbert-Frey et al, 2011); in this regard, it is important to consider the results of recent studies (Wehenkel et al, 2020;Simental-Rodríguez et al, 2021), which indicate large genetic differences and even hybridizations between close populations of the genus Pinus in northern Mexico.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graft survival of Pinus engelmannii Carr. in relation to two grafting techniques with dormant and sprouting buds

Pérez-Luna

Hernández-Díaz

Wehenkel

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Developing methods for successfully grafting forest species will be helpful for establishing asexual seed orchards and increasing the success of forest genetic improvement programs in Mexico. In this study we investigated the effects of two grafting techniques (side veneer and top cleft) and two phenological stages of the scion buds (end of latency and beginning of sprouting), in combination with other seven grafting variables, on the sprouting and survival of 120 intraspecific grafts of Pinus engelmannii Carr. The scions used for grafting were taken from a 5.5-year-old commercial forest plantation. The first grafting was performed on January 18 (buds at the end of dormancy) and the second on February 21 (buds at the beginning of sprouting). The data were examined by analysis of variance and a test of means and were fitted to two survival models (the Weibull’s accelerated failure time and the Cox’s proportional hazards model) and the respective hazard ratios were calculated. Survival was higher in the top cleft grafts made with buds at the end of latency, with 80% sprouting and an estimated average survival time of between 164 and 457 days after the end of the 6-month evaluation period. Four variables (grafting technique, phenological stage of the scion buds, scion diameter and rootstock height) significantly affected the risk of graft death in both survival models. Use of top cleft grafts with buds at the end of the latency stage, combined with scion diameters smaller than 11.4 mm and rootstock heights greater than 58.5 cm, was associated with a lower risk of death.

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TallPinus luzmariaetrees with genes fromP. herrerae

Cited by 7 publications

References 101 publications

Field Trials to Assess the Growth, Survival, and Stomatal Densities of Five Mexican Pine Species and Their Hybrids under Common Plantation Conditions

Field Trials to Assess the Growth, Survival, and Stomatal Densities of Five Mexican Pine Species and Their Hybrids under Common Plantation Conditions

Assisted migration and the rare endemic plant species: the case of two endangered Mexican spruces

Graft survival of Pinus engelmannii Carr. in relation to two grafting techniques with dormant and sprouting buds

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