Taking the “Waste” Out of “Wastewater” for Human Water Security and Ecosystem Sustainability

Grant, Stanley B.; Saphores, Jean-Daniel; Feldman, David L.; Hamilton, Andrew J.; Fletcher, Tim D.; Cook, Perran; Stewardson, Michael J.; Sanders, Brett F.; Levin, Lisa A.; Ambrose, Richard F.; Deletić, Ana; Brown, Rebekah Ruth; Jiang, Sunny C.; Rosso, Diego; Cooper, William J.; Marušić, Ivan

doi:10.1126/science.1216852

Cited by 545 publications

(355 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Long-term exposure to polluted water and soil can have serious environmental consequences as well as health hazards such as diarrhea, abortion, hepatitis A, and typhoid (Bagla, 1996;Cutler and Miller, 2005;Boyle, 2007;Hendryx et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2010;Grant et al, 2012;Naik and Stenstrom, 2012;Kelepertzis, 2014). Heavy metals, nitrites and organic pollutants in contaminated water and soil could increase the potential risk of cancers (Montesano and Hall, 2001;Hansen et al, 2003;Galiani et al, 2005;Wild et al, 2006;He, 2013).…”

Section: Pollution Related Health Risks In Food Production Basesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of soil and water pollution on food safety and health risks in China

Lü

Shi

Wang

et al. 2015

Environment International

884

318

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Tieyu. 2015. Impacts of soil and water pollution on food safety and health risks in China. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V.This version available http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/509736/ NERC has developed NORA to enable users to access research outputs wholly or partially funded by NERC. Copyright and other rights for material on this site are retained by the rights owners. Users should read the terms and conditions of use of this material at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/policies.html#access NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Environment International. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Environment International, 77. 5-15. 10.1016International, 77. 5-15. 10. /j.envint.2014 www.elsevier.com/ Contact CEH NORA team at noraceh@ceh.ac.ukThe NERC and CEH trademarks and logos ('the Trademarks') are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner. Impacts of Soil and Water Pollution on Food Safety and Health Risks in China AbstractEnvironmental pollution and food safety are two of the most important issues of our time. Soil and water pollution, in particular, have historically impacted on food safety which represents an important threat to human health. Nowhere has that situation been more complex and challenging than in China, where a combination of pollution and an increasing food safety risk have affected a large part of the population. Water scarcity, pesticide over-application, and chemical pollutants are considered to be the most important factors impacting on food safety in China. Inadequate quantity and quality of surface water resources in China have led to the long-term use of waste-water irrigation to fulfill the water requirements for agricultural production. In some regions this has caused serious agricultural land and food pollution, especially for heavy metals. It is important, therefore, that issues threatening food safety such as combined pesticide residues and heavy metal pollution are addressed to reduce risks to human health. The increasing negative effects on food safety from water and soil pollution have put more people at risk of carcinogenic diseases, potentially contributing to 'cancer villages' which appear to correlate strongly with the main food producing areas. Currently in China, food safety policies are not integrated with soil and water pollution management policies. Here, a comprehensive map of both soil and water pollution threats to food safety in China is presented and integrated policies addressing soil and water pollution for achieving food safety are suggested to provide a holistic approach.

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Section: Pollution Related Health Risks In Food Production Basesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of soil and water pollution on food safety and health risks in China

Lü

Shi

Wang

et al. 2015

Environment International

884

318

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The "waste" transported away from urban areas actually removes valuable elements. Not until recent times when water pollution has become prevalent, energy costs have increased, and finite mineral resources are depleting, has wastewater begun to be reconsidered as a resource [65][66][67][68][69]. In fact, there is no such thing as waste in nature, only wasted resources [70].…”

Section: Mixed Wastewatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Water Systems for the City of Tomorrow—A Conceptual Framework

Xue

González-Mejía

et al. 2015

Sustainability

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Urban water systems are an example of complex, dynamic human-environment coupled systems which exhibit emergent behaviors that transcend individual scientific disciplines. While previous siloed approaches to water services (i.e., water resources, drinking water, wastewater, and stormwater) have led to great improvements in public health protection, sustainable solutions for a growing global population facing increased resource constraints demand a paradigm shift based on holistic management to maximize the use and recovery of water, energy, nutrients, and materials. The objective of this review paper is to highlight the issues in traditional water systems including water demand and use, centralized configuration, sewer collection systems, characteristics of mixed wastewater, and to explore alternative solutions such as decentralized water systems, fit for purpose and water reuse, OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2015, 7 12072 natural/green infrastructure, vacuum sewer collection systems, and nutrient/energy recovery. This review also emphasizes a system thinking approach for evaluating alternatives that should include sustainability indicators and metrics such as emergy to assess global system efficiency. An example paradigm shift design for urban water system is presented, not as the recommended solution for all environments, but to emphasize the framework of system-level analysis and the need to visualize water services as an organic whole. When water systems are designed to maximize the resources and optimum efficiency, they are more prevailing and sustainable than siloed management because a system is more than the sum of its parts.

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“…However, synthetic pesticides used in agriculture have caused serious short and long-term damage to the environment and human health. Long-term use of synthetic pesticides has caused water and soil pollution leading to serious health problems such as abortion, diarrhea, hepatitis A and typhoid in humans exposed to this pollution (Cutler & Miller, 2005;Grant et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%