Taking the long view: a systematic review reporting long-term perspectives on child unintentional injury

Mytton, Julie; Towner, Elizabeth; Powell, Jane; Pilkington, Paul; Gray, Selena

doi:10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040343

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Risks in overall injury dropping by 69% for the Aboriginal population and by 66% for the total BC population are cause to celebrate. These results showing decreases are consistent with previously published results both for all ages of the Aboriginal and total population of BC (British Columbia Vital Statistics Agency 2004) and for overall child and youth injury hospitalization rates worldwide (Möller et al 2015; Mytton et al 2012; WHO World Health Organization 2002), and within Canada (Oliver and Kohen 2012; Alaghehbandan et al 2010). All major types of injury and causes of injury showed decreases in rates over time for both populations, which is contrary with US studies which show levelling of rates or even increases (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Injury risk in British Columbia, Canada, 1986 to 2009: are Aboriginal children and youth over-represented?

et al. 2015

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BackgroundChildren and youth worldwide are at high risk of injury resulting in morbidity, disability or mortality. Disparities in risk exist between and within countries, and by sex and ethnicity. Our aim is to contribute data on disparities of injury rates for Aboriginal children and youth compared with those of the general population in British Columbia (BC), Canada, by examining risks for the two populations, utilizing provincial administrative data over a 24-year period.MethodsHospital discharge records from the provincial health care database for children and youth were used to identify injury for the years 1986 to 2009. Within the total BC population, the Aboriginal population was identified. Crude rates and standardized relative risks (SRR) of hospitalization were calculated, by year and category of injury type and external cause, and compared to the total BC population for males and females under age 25 years.ResultsOver the 24-year period, substantive decreases were found in hospitalization injury risks for children and youth in both Aboriginal and total populations, for both sexes, and for most categories and types of injuries. Risk in overall injury dropped by 69% for the Aboriginal population and by 66% for the total BC population, yet in every year, the Aboriginal population had a higher risk than the total BC population. There were over 70% declines in risks among females of intentionally inflicted injury by another, among both the Aboriginal and total BC populations. Risk of injury caused by transport vehicles has decreased by an overwhelming 83% and 72% for the Aboriginal male population and for the total BC male population, respectively.ConclusionsThe over 70% declines in risks for females of intentionally inflicted injury by another, among both the Aboriginal and total BC populations is excellent news. Risk of injury caused by transport vehicles for males decreased overwhelmingly for both populations. Disparities in rates between the Aboriginal population and total BC population remain because of similarity in the proportional reductions among the two populations. Since the Aboriginal population started at a much higher risk, in absolute terms, the gap between the two populations is shrinking.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The overall impressive decreases in injury rates mask disparities by gender, socioeconomic background and ethnicity (Mytton et al 2012). Boys are consistently shown to be at higher risk than girls (Gore et al 2011; Oliver and Kohen 2010; Moorin and Hendrie 2008; Ekman et al 2005; Spady et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injury risk in British Columbia, Canada, 1986 to 2009: are Aboriginal children and youth over-represented?

et al. 2015

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“…Safety improvements in HIC are occurring at a faster pace than those in LMIC, leading to this divergence, which emphasises the need for improved policies in LMIC to ensure safer physical and social environments for children. Previous reports have described this growing inequality due to a faster pace of change in injury trends in HIC and have emphasised the East-West divide [ 1 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Further divergence has also been described for the period from 2000 to 2011 using an older edition of GHE [ 14 , 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worsening Inequalities in Child Injury Deaths in the WHO European Region

Sethi

Aldridge

Rakovac

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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This article compares the mortality data for injuries in children aged 0–14 years in the World Health Organization WHO European region as estimated by the WHO Global Health Estimates for 2000 and 2015. While the region has seen a decline in child mortality due to injuries over the years, inequality persists between the low- and middle-income countries and high-income countries in the region. The gap in child mortality due to unintentional injuries has widened over the years between these two socioeconomic regions, particularly in terms of road injuries. In contrast, mortality rate ratios due to intentional injuries have narrowed between 2000 and 2015. The low- and middle-income countries need to scale up their efforts in injury prevention by adopting stricter regulations and higher safety practices to narrow the East-West gap in unintentional injuries.

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“…The improvement of child safety in and around the home where 1–4 group is mostly injured can be achieved by the implementation of a range of evidence-based measures34 35 and history shows that the health system has a key role to play by ensuring that injury and violence prevention are incorporated in the provision of universal primary care and community-based action 36 37. In particular, a number of safety measures can be introduced to guardians and parents in the course of home regular visitation programmes 38.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Country level economic disparities in child injury mortality

et al. 2015

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BackgroundInjuries are a neglected cause of child mortality globally and the burden is unequally distributed in resource poor settings. The aim of this study is to explore the share and distribution of child injury mortality across country economic levels and the correlation between country economic level and injuries.MethodsAll-cause and injury mortality rates per 100 000 were extracted for 187 countries for the 1–4 age group and under 5s from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Countries were grouped into four economic levels. Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita was used to determine correlation with injury mortality.ResultsFor all regions and country economic levels, the share of injuries in all-cause mortality was greater when considering the 1–4 age group than under 5s, ranging from 36.6% in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries to 10.6% in Sub-Saharan Africa. Except for Sub-Saharan Africa, there is a graded association between country economic level and 1–4 injury mortality across regions, with all low-income countries having the highest rates. Except for the two regions with the highest overall injury mortality rates, there is a significant negative correlation between GDP and injury mortality in Latin America and the Caribbean, Eastern Europe/Central Asia, Asia East/South-East and Pacific and North Africa/ Middle East.ConclusionsChild injury mortality is unevenly distributed across regions and country economic level to the detriment of poorer countries. A significant negative correlation exists between GDP and injury in all regions, exception for the most resource poor where the burden of injuries is highest.

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Taking the long view: a systematic review reporting long-term perspectives on child unintentional injury

Cited by 16 publications

References 42 publications

Injury risk in British Columbia, Canada, 1986 to 2009: are Aboriginal children and youth over-represented?

Injury risk in British Columbia, Canada, 1986 to 2009: are Aboriginal children and youth over-represented?

Worsening Inequalities in Child Injury Deaths in the WHO European Region

Country level economic disparities in child injury mortality

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