Taking Stock of Unrealistic Optimism

Shepperd, James A.; Klein, William M. P.; Waters, Erika A.; Weinstein, Neil D.

doi:10.1177/1745691613485247

Cited by 280 publications

(307 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Most people tend to perceive themselves more favorably than others (e.g., Miles & Scaife, 2003;Shepperd, Klein, Waters, & Weinstein, 2013;Taylor & Brown, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative optimism about healthy eating

et al. 2015

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A B S T R A C TThe present study investigated people's perception of their own as compared to their peers' healthy eating and related these perceptions to actual healthy eating, BMI, and subsequent healthy eating behavior. Data were collected within the framework of the longitudinal cohort study Konstanz Life Study (T1: N = 770; T2: N = 510). Our results demonstrated an optimistic bias on the group level. Specifically, people rated their own eating behavior as healthier on average than that of their average peers. This comparative optimism occurred even when actual healthy eating was unfavorable and BMI was high. However, it increased with actual healthy eating behavior. Importantly, optimistic perceptions were positively related to the intention to eat healthily and healthy eating six months later. Hence, the results suggest that an optimistic comparative view of one's own healthy eating is grounded in reality and boosts rather than deters subsequent health behavior. This implies that there might not be a need to reduce optimistic perceptions of healthy eating behavior.

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“…Most people tend to perceive themselves more favorably than others (e.g., Miles & Scaife, 2003;Shepperd, Klein, Waters, & Weinstein, 2013;Taylor & Brown, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative optimism about healthy eating

et al. 2015

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“…This bias towards positive outcomes appears for various positive and negative events (see Shepperd, Klein, Waters, & Weinstein, 2013 for a review). These distortions in judgements are related to favourable attitudes and health outcomes (see Armor & Taylor, 1998 for review) and influence the manner in which people process the information and engage in unhealthy and risky behavior (Radcliffe & Klein, 2002;Rafaely, Mantsur, BarDavid, & Meyer, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

Dispositional Optimism, Affective States and Judgements of Future Life Events

Diaconu‐Gherasim

Măirean²

2017

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This research examined the relationship between dispositional optimism and judgements of future life events, and whether this relationship is moderated by affective states. An adolescent sample (N = 139, 57.6 % girls) was recruited. After filling in the questionnaire for dispositional optimism, the participants were randomly assigned in the experimental conditions in order to induce negative affective states versus control condition. Finally, the participants completed the a ffective states and judgements of fu ture life events scales. The results indicated that dispositional optimism positively correlated with judgement of positive events, but not with judgements of nega tive events. We found evidence for a ffective state a s a modera tor; the relationship between dispositional optimism and judgements of future positive events was stronger in the control condition compa red to the negative a ffective state condition. T he implications of these findings for understanding the relation between personality factors and judgements about future events are discussed.

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“…En primer lugar, podríamos considerar al optimismo disposicional definido por Scheier y Carver (1985) como la creencia de una persona en que le ocurrirán más eventos positivos que negativos. Por otro lado, el optimismo comparativo (Hoorens, Smits y Shepperd, 2008;Shepperd, Carroll, Grace y Terry, 2002;Shepperd, Klein, Waters, y Weinstein, 2013;Weinstein, 1980) se refiere a la tendencia a creer que una persona va a experimentar más eventos positivos y menos negativos que otras personas. Por otra parte, el optimismo económico definido por Welsch y Young (1982) estaría referido a la tendencia a considerar muy probable la expansión y crecimiento de nuevos negocios.…”

Section: -Introducciónunclassified

Adaptación de la Escala de Realismo de Liang y Dunn para emprendedores potenciales / Adaptation to Spanish of the Liang and Dunn’s realism scale for potential entrepreneurs

Puga

García

2015

R.E.M.A., Rev. electrón. metodol. apl.

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RESUMENEl realismo puede considerarse como un rasgo o característica deseable en los emprendedores, reales o potenciales, dado que puede favorecer la toma de decisiones acertadas y exitosas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue adaptar al español la escala de realismo desarrollada por Liang y Dunn (2010a). Una muestra de estudiantes universitarios (n = 192) respondió a un cuestionario electrónico que contuvo la escala de realismo de Liang y Dunn y el Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R). Los resultados muestran una estructura unifactorial de la escala de realismo y niveles aceptables de consistencia interna (α = 0,83, IC 90% = 0,76 -0,83). Adicionalmente, se observa que las personas clasificadas como emprendedores potenciales son significativamente más realistas que las personas no emprendedoras. Se considera que la adaptación de esta escala puede ser de gran utilidad en el contexto de la investigación sobre emprendimiento real y potencial.Palabras clave: realismo, emprendedores, adaptación, emprendimiento potencial, universidad. ABSTRACTRealism might be considered as a desirable entrepreneur or potential entrepreneur trait because it could favor a correct and successful decision making process. The objective of this study is to provide a Spanish adapted version of the Liang and Dunn (2010a) scale of realism. A sample of undergraduate university students (n = 192) filled in an electronic questionnaire containing the Liang and Dunn realism scale and the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R). Our results show that the realism scale is unifactorial and characterized by acceptable internal consistence (α = .83, 90% CI = .76 -.83). Additionally, it is shown that participants classified as potential entrepreneurs have significantly higher scores of realism as compared with nonpotential entrepreneurs. We consider the adaptation of the realism scale could be useful in the research context of either actual or potential entrepreneurship.

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Taking Stock of Unrealistic Optimism

Cited by 280 publications

References 109 publications

Comparative optimism about healthy eating

Comparative optimism about healthy eating

Dispositional Optimism, Affective States and Judgements of Future Life Events

Adaptación de la Escala de Realismo de Liang y Dunn para emprendedores potenciales / Adaptation to Spanish of the Liang and Dunn’s realism scale for potential entrepreneurs

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