Takayasu Disease in Niger: About Three Cases and Literature Review

Abstract

Takayasu arteritis is a chronic, idiopathic, and inflammatory disease that primarily affects large vessels, such as the aorta and its main branches. Much of the literature describing Takayasu arteritis has originated from Asian countries, and the disease was once thought to be restricted to these regions. During the past few decades, patients with Takayasu arteritis have been increasingly recognized in Africa. We report three first cases of Takayasu's arteritis in Niger by focusing on epidemiological clinical radiological and therapeutic aspects. Of the three patients, two were women and the age of onset was 27 years in one case and 33 years in the other two cases. Clinically, abolition of at least one peripheral pulse was constantly observed. We find a predominance of the involvement of the supra-aortic trunks in 3 cases and less of the abdominal aortic involvement in 1 case. Moreover, our series is distinguished by a case revealed by a stroke in a male subject. Corticosteroids were successful with clinical improvement and stabilization of the disease in the short and medium term. The revascularization performed in two of the patients. Tayasu arteritis is uncommon disease that must be evoked before a symptomatology non-specific coaches and lead to check the pulse. Ischemic complications are already present at the time of diagnosis. We have found a high frequency of arterial thrombosis in our series.