Tailoring viscoelastic response, self-heating and deicing properties of carbon-fiber reinforced epoxy composites by graphene modification

Zanjani, Jamal Seyyed Monfared; Okan, Burcu Saner; Pappas, Panagiotis; Galiotis, Costas; Menceloǵlu, Yusuf́ Z.; Yıldız, Mehmet

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2017.12.008

Cited by 49 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The self-heating temperature distribution depends directly on the applied stress, and is usually non-uniform due to the non-uniform stress distribution during cyclic loading (see Figure 2). Similar temperature distributions can be found, e.g., in [24,25], while a typical distribution during cyclic loading is presented in [20,26,27,28] for tensile, in [29] for compressive, and in [20] for shear loading, respectively. The dependency between these two quantities is as follows: the higher the stress concentration, the higher the self-heating temperature.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Criticality of the Self-Heating Effect in Polymers and Polymer Matrix Composites during Fatigue, and Their Application in Non-Destructive Testing

Katunin

2018

Polymers

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The self-heating effect is a dangerous phenomenon that occurs in polymers and polymer matrix composites during their cyclic loading, and may significantly influence structural degradation and durability as a consequence. Therefore, an analysis of its criticality is highly demanding, due to the wide occurrence of this effect, both in laboratory fatigue tests, as well as in engineering practice. In order to overcome the problem of the accelerated degradation of polymer matrix structures, it is essential to evaluate the characteristic temperature values of self-heating, which are critical from the point of view of the fatigue life of these structures, i.e., the temperature at which damage initiates, and the safe temperature range in which these structures can be safely maintained. The experimental studies performed were focused on the determination of the critical self-heating temperature, using various approaches and measurement techniques. This paper present an overview of the research studies performed in the field of structural degradation, due to self-heating, and summarizes the studies performed on the evaluation of the criticality of the self-heating effect. Moreover, the non-destructive testing method, which uses the self-heating effect as a thermal excitation source, is discussed, and the non-destructivity of this method is confirmed by experimental results.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Criticality of the Self-Heating Effect in Polymers and Polymer Matrix Composites during Fatigue, and Their Application in Non-Destructive Testing

Katunin

2018

Polymers

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“…Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) is a very useful tool in measuring the viscoelastic properties by investigating the stiffness and damping characteristics of materials. [58][59][60] The change of storage modulus (with the increasing of temperature) of Pure EP and the EP C:Si-m:n (m + n = 4) systems are shown in Figure 5(a). At the starting temperature of 40 C, Pure EP system possesses the lowest storage modulus, which increases with the increasing content of nano-SiO 2 due to its rigid effect.…”

Section: Dma Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into the synergistic mechanism of reactive aliphatic soft chains and nano‐silica on toughening epoxy resins with improved mechanical properties and low viscosity

Chen

Lian

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Toughening epoxy resin (EP) without sacrificing strength, modulus, and processing performance is always a harsh task. Here, a series of epoxy systems containing soft butyl glycidyl ether (BGE) and rigid nano‐silica (nano‐SiO2) were prepared. Micro‐phase separation structures derived from the self‐assembly effect of BGE can be observed in atomic force microscopy images by controlling the total amount of BGE and nano‐SiO2 at 2 wt% for the EPC:Si‐m:n (m + n = 4) systems. Due to the synergistic effect of self‐assembly effect of BGE and the rigid effect of well dispersed nano‐SiO2, EPC:Si‐2:2 system exhibited improvement of tensile strength of 59.3% (92.63 MPa), tensile modulus of 24.8% (3.52 GPa), elongation at break of 78.6% (4.84%), and glass transition temperature of 2.4% (138.4°C) compared with Pure EP system. Besides, due to the low loading of nano‐SiO2 (≤2 wt%) and the dilution effect of BGE, the viscosity of all the toughening systems is lower than 600 mPa·s, which can provide this toughening system with superior processing performance for large production of composites by automotive manufacturing methods such as vacuum assistant resin infusion technology.

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“…The research work shows that there are additional novel methods to incorporate GO and other graphene-based nanomaterials in to composite materials to improve mechanical properties. A different method introduced thermally exfoliated GO (TEGO) to the fiber surface and matrix to investigate the benefits of multi-scale modification and the multiscale modification demonstrated a good improvement in overall properties (Zanjani et al, 2016(Zanjani et al, , 2018. TEGO was ∼23 layers thick with an ∼4% oxygen content and therefore relatively graphitic compared to GO produced by Hummers method.…”

Section: Dipping and Sprayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vahedi et al (2015) reported 146% improvement in impact strength after incorporating 10 phr halloysite in to Araldite 506 bisphenol-A based epoxy resin and 4-4 ′ diaminodiphenylmethane (MDA) hardener (Vahedi et al, 2015). Zanjani et al (2018) and Zanjani et al (2016) employ introduced thermally exfoliated GO (TEGO) to the fiber surface and matrix and demonstrated a good improvement in overall properties and improved impact strength by 30%.…”

Section: Impact Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Graphene Oxide/Epoxy Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites

2019

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The two-dimensional macro molecule graphene and its derivatives have widely been investigated for their application as nanofiller in carbon fiber-reinforced composites (CFRC). Research has progressed from techniques that disperse graphene as a mixing constituent within the composite material to more complex examples where graphene is covalently bonded to fiber, matrix or both via multiple reaction steps. This field of research is multidisciplinary whereby branches of materials, engineering, polymer science, physics and chemistry often overlap. From the materials engineering perspective, the desire is to discover the novel materials targeting industrial applications and obtain a full understanding of the graphene oxide chemistry and interaction of graphene oxide with a polymer matrix. To date, most of the research is targeted at (i) improving the fiber/matrix interface properties and/or (ii) improving the dispersion of nanofiller within the matrix; both factors ultimately improve composite performance. Organizing that information critically can lead to emergence of a generalization of material design. Therefore, the objective of this work is to critically review current state of art in the field of graphene oxide/epoxy CFRCs and propose the design rules based on current scientific trend and common themes for future works.

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Tailoring viscoelastic response, self-heating and deicing properties of carbon-fiber reinforced epoxy composites by graphene modification

Cited by 49 publications

References 36 publications

Criticality of the Self-Heating Effect in Polymers and Polymer Matrix Composites during Fatigue, and Their Application in Non-Destructive Testing

Criticality of the Self-Heating Effect in Polymers and Polymer Matrix Composites during Fatigue, and Their Application in Non-Destructive Testing

Insights into the synergistic mechanism of reactive aliphatic soft chains and nano‐silica on toughening epoxy resins with improved mechanical properties and low viscosity

Recent Developments in Graphene Oxide/Epoxy Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites

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