Tailoring the catalytic activity of basic mesoporous Cu/CeO2 catalyst by Al2O3 for selective lactonization and dehydrogenation of 1,4-butanediol to γ-butyrolactone

Trimetallic Oxide Foam as an Efficient Catalyst for Fixation of CO2 into Oxazolidinone: An Experimental and Theoretical Approach

“…Based on the previous reports, TPD profiles traditionally show the presence of weak acidic and basic sites in the temperature region of <300 °C. The medium acidic and basic sites are observed in the range of 300–500 °C, and finally, strong acidic and basic sites are present in the >500 °C region . The PTOF catalyst (Figure S7a) shows a broad and less intense peak in the region of 200–350 °C; this region detected a mixture of both weak and medium acidic sites with a calculated acidity value of 0.656 mmol/g as mentioned in Table .…”

“…The medium acidic and basic sites are observed in the range of 300−500 °C, and finally, strong acidic and basic sites are present in the >500 °C region. 51 The PTOF catalyst (Figure S7a) shows a broad and less intense peak in the region of 200−350 °C; this region detected a mixture of both weak and medium acidic sites with a calculated acidity value of 0.656 mmol/g as mentioned in Table 2. Figure S7b−d displays the NH 3 -TPD profiles of monometallic oxides, namely, copper oxide, cobalt oxide, and nickel oxide, which mostly identify the acidic nature in the weak and medium regions.…”

Recent developments in state-of-the-art silica-modified catalysts for the fixation of CO2 in epoxides to form organic carbonates

“…85 However, heterogeneous catalysts are more predominant than homogeneous catalysts 86,87 because they can be separated easily, provide greater advantages regarding stability, separation, and handling, and can be recovered and reused for a number of cycles, making this type of catalytic system more expedient. 88–95 Heterogeneous catalysts such as immobilized complexes or ionic liquids, 96–98 zeolites, 99 metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), 100,101 silica-based catalysts, 102 organic polymer supports, 103 metal oxides 104 and carbon-based catalysts 105 have been widely studied and reviewed in other review articles. However, although heterogeneous catalysts provide easy separation and recyclability, most of these catalysts demonstrate inefficient activity under harsh reaction conditions of high temperatures (>100 °C) and high CO 2 pressures (>30 bar).…”

The importance of copper-phyllosilicate formed in CuO/SiO2 catalysts in the ethynylation of formaldehyde for 1,4-butynediol synthesis

“…3,4 BDO can be used to produce a series of downstream high value-added chemicals, including tetrahydrofuran (THF), γ-butyrolactone (GBL), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polybutylene succinate (PBS), and polyurethane (PU). [5][6][7] A plastic ban has been announced due to serious environmental pollution problems around the world, so biodegradable plastics made from BDO is eagerly expected instead of traditional plastics. 8 The increase in demand for BDO will become more and more widespread.…”