Tailoring solvent coordination for high-speed, room-temperature blading of perovskite photovoltaic films

Abstract

The efficiencies of small-pixel perovskite photovoltaics have increased to above 24%, while most reported fabrication methods cannot be transferred to scalable manufacturing process. Here, we report a method of fast blading large-area perovskite films at an unprecedented speed of 99 mm/s under ambient conditions by tailoring solvent coordination capability. Combing volatile noncoordinating solvents to Pb2+ and low-volatile, coordinating solvents achieves both fast drying and large perovskite grains at room temperature. The reproducible fabrication yields a certified module efficiency of 16.4%, with an aperture area of 63.7 cm2. This method can be applied for various perovskite compositions. The perovskite modules also show a small temperature coefficient of −0.13%/°C and nearly fully recoverable efficiency after 58 cycles of shading, much better than commercial silicon and thin-film solar modules.

Printable CsPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells with PCE of 19% via an Additive Strategy

“…One significant advantage of perovskite materials is their ability to be solution‐processed at low temperature, which makes perovskite solar cells promising candidates for a high‐performance, scalable and low‐cost vacuum‐free PV technology. Such fast and scalable fabrication paradigms are becoming important for fulfilling the anticipated rapid expansion of PV manufacturing from the annual PV installation of 99.1 gigawatt (GW) in 2017 [ 7,8 ] to the targeted 1780 GW in 2050. [ 9 ]…”

Hybrid perovskite crystallization from binary solvent mixtures: interplay of evaporation rate and binding strength of solvents

“…Control over the kinetics of solvent removal and structure of the intermediate phases allows for better control over the process in general and the material quality in particular. 19,20 Numerous reports have shown optimization of individual parameters such as crystallization via certain intermediate phases or change of processing parameters by using volatile solvents or vacuum. 19,[21][22][23] However, the complex role of solvents and cosolvents in hybrid perovskite precursor inks on intermediate phase structure and film formation kinetics is not yet well understood.…”

Investigating the effect of solvent vapours on crystallinity, phase, and optical, morphological and structural properties of organolead halide perovskite films

“…The Gutmann donor number is a quantitative measure of Lewis basicity and gives the ability of a solvent to solvate cations and Lewis acids. 45,47 It is dened as the negative enthalpy value for the 1 : 1 adduct formation between a Lewis base and the standard Lewis acid antimony pentachloride, in dilute solution in the non-coordinating solvent 1,2-dichloroethane with a zero donor number. The donor number of acetone is much smaller than that of DMSO Fig.…”