Tailoring PEDOT properties for applications in bioelectronics

Donahue, Mary J.; Sanchez‐Sanchez, Ana; Inal, Sahika; Qu, Jing; Owens, Róisı́n M.; Mecerreyes, David; Malliaras, George G.; Martin, David C.

doi:10.1016/j.mser.2020.100546

Cited by 157 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 215 publications

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“…Along with its volumetric charge storage in aqueous, biological media, [4] PEDOT films possess mechanical flexibility and low oxidation potentials. [11][12][13][14][15] PEDOT dispersions with poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) and the monomer 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) with a versatile family of derivatives are commercially available. Several methods including chemical polymerization, electropoly merization, vapor phase polymerization, and thermal polymerization have been used to prepare PEDOT films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benchmarking the Performance of Electropolymerized Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) Electrodes for Neural Interfacing

Nikiforidis

Wustoni

Routier

et al. 2020

Macromolecular Bioscience

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www.mbs-journal.de presented where copolymers based on 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) and its hydroxyl-terminated counterpart (EDOTOH) are electropolymerized in an aqueous solution in the presence of various counter anions and additives. Amongst the conducting materials developed, the copolymer p(EDOT-ran-EDOTOH) doped with perchlorate in the presence of ethylene glycol shows high specific capacitance (105 F g −1), and capacitance retention (85%) over 1000 galvanostatic charge-discharge cycles. A microelectrode array-based on this material is fabricated and primary cortical neurons are cultured therein for several days. The microelectrodes electrically stimulate targeted neuronal networks and record their activity with high signal-to-noise ratio. The stability of charge injection capacity of the material is validated via long-term pulsing experiments. While providing insights on the effect of additives and dopants on the electrochemical performance and operational stability of electropolymerized conducting polymers, this study highlights the importance of high capacitance accompanied with stability to achieve high performance electrodes for biological interfacing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benchmarking the Performance of Electropolymerized Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) Electrodes for Neural Interfacing

Nikiforidis

Wustoni

Routier

et al. 2020

Macromolecular Bioscience

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Often these polymers have multiple derivatives, including copolymer and/or sidechain variants. [ 117,179–181 ] Polyacetylene is provided for reference as the prototype conjugate polymer; its low stability in ambient conditions has limited its adoption. [ 182 ] Polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polyaniline, and PEDOT are typically used in a highly doped state, hence are often referred to as conducting polymers in the literature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Bioelectronics: Using Highly Conjugated Polymers to Interface with Biomolecules, Cells, and Tissues in the Human Body

Higgins

Fiego

Patrick

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Technologies

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Conjugated polymers exhibit interesting material and optoelectronic properties that make them well‐suited to the development of biointerfaces. Their biologically relevant mechanical characteristics, ability to be chemically modified, and mixed electronic and ionic charge transport are captured within the diverse field of organic bioelectronics. Conjugated polymers are used in a wide range of device architectures, and cell and tissue scaffolds. These devices enable biosensing of many biomolecules, such as metabolites, nucleic acids, and more. Devices can be used to both stimulate and sense the behavior of cells and tissues. Similarly, tissue interfaces permit interaction with complex organs, aiding both fundamental biological understanding and providing new opportunities for stimulating regenerative behaviors and bioelectronic based therapeutics. Applications of these materials are broad, and much continues to be uncovered about their fundamental properties. This report covers the current understanding of the fundamentals of conjugated polymer biointerfaces and their interactions with biomolecules, cells, and tissues in the human body. An overview of current materials and devices is presented, along with highlighted major in vivo and in vitro applications. Finally, open research questions and opportunities are discussed.

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“…Furthermore, PEDOT presents extraordinary redox reversibility [ 109 ] which provides antifouling properties that expand the using lifetime of the polymer film [ 108 ]. PEDOT has also the advantage of easy synthesis [ 110 ], and generation of deposits with a low tensile module enduring constant mechanical deformation generally related to biological applications [ 111 ].…”

Section: Electrochemical Sensors Based On Conducting Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Sensors Based on Conducting Polymers for the Aqueous Detection of Biologically Relevant Molecules

et al. 2021

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Electrochemical sensors appear as low-cost, rapid, easy to use, and in situ devices for determination of diverse analytes in a liquid solution. In that context, conducting polymers are much-explored sensor building materials because of their semiconductivity, structural versatility, multiple synthetic pathways, and stability in environmental conditions. In this state-of-the-art review, synthetic processes, morphological characterization, and nanostructure formation are analyzed for relevant literature about electrochemical sensors based on conducting polymers for the determination of molecules that (i) have a fundamental role in the human body function regulation, and (ii) are considered as water emergent pollutants. Special focus is put on the different types of micro- and nanostructures generated for the polymer itself or the combination with different materials in a composite, and how the rough morphology of the conducting polymers based electrochemical sensors affect their limit of detection. Polypyrroles, polyanilines, and polythiophenes appear as the most recurrent conducting polymers for the construction of electrochemical sensors. These conducting polymers are usually built starting from bifunctional precursor monomers resulting in linear and branched polymer structures; however, opportunities for sensitivity enhancement in electrochemical sensors have been recently reported by using conjugated microporous polymers synthesized from multifunctional monomers.

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Tailoring PEDOT properties for applications in bioelectronics

Cited by 157 publications

References 215 publications

Benchmarking the Performance of Electropolymerized Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) Electrodes for Neural Interfacing

Benchmarking the Performance of Electropolymerized Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) Electrodes for Neural Interfacing

Organic Bioelectronics: Using Highly Conjugated Polymers to Interface with Biomolecules, Cells, and Tissues in the Human Body

Electrochemical Sensors Based on Conducting Polymers for the Aqueous Detection of Biologically Relevant Molecules

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