Tailoring Nylon 6/Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Nanocomposites for Application against Electromagnetic Interference: Evaluation of the Mechanical, Thermal and Electrical Behavior, and the Electromagnetic Shielding Efficiency

Luna, Carlos Bruno Barreto; Nascimento, Emanuel Pereira do; Siqueira, Danilo Diniz; Soares, Bluma G.; Agrawal, Pankaj; Mélo, Tomás Jefférson Alves de; Araújo, Edcleide Maria

doi:10.3390/ijms23169020

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…PA6 has inherent functionality through amine end groups, which makes it an excellent polymer for grafting reactions during processing in the molten state 44,45 . Maleic anhydride‐functionalized copolymers are effective compatibilizers for PA6 blends because the maleic anhydride groups can react with the amine end groups of PA6 46,47 . Figure 2a,b present the torque curves of the neat polymers and blends, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…44,45 Maleic anhydride-functionalized copolymers are effective compatibilizers for PA6 blends because the maleic anhydride groups can react with the amine end groups of PA6. 46,47 Figure 2a,b present the torque curves of the neat polymers and blends, respectively. Table 1 reports the average stabilized torque and viscosity determined by torque rheometry.…”

Section: Torque Rheometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tailoring polyamide 6 to exhibit super‐tough behavior and high thermomechanical stability: The role of AES and EPDM‐MA hybridization

Silva

Luna

Filho

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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High‐performance blends based on polyamide 6 (PA6) were prepared using a hybrid mixture of acrylonitrile/EPDM/styrene (AES) and maleic anhydride grafted ethylene–propylene–diene (EPDM‐MA). Samples were processed in a twin‐screw extruder and injection molded. The torque curves of the PA6/AES/EPDM‐MA blends shifted to higher torque values with added EPDM‐MA, suggesting a chemical interaction between the components. The melt flow index (MFI) results for the PA6/AES/EPDM‐MA blends confirmed the intensification of the flow resistance. Intense infrared absorption peaks for NH and CO indicated that the amine groups of PA6 reacted with the maleic anhydride in EPDM‐MA. The 60/25/15 wt% PA6/AES/EPDM‐MA blend showed an impact strength over 800 J/m, heat deflection temperature (HDT) of 62.3°C, elongation at break of 115%, and contact angle of 59.1°, corresponding to increases of 1718%, 10.5%, 297%, and 10%, respectively, compared to neat PA6. When examined by scanning electron microscopy, the morphology showed a fracture surface with a high degree of plastic deformation and the formation of elastic microfibrils, contributing to the super toughening of the PA6/AES/EPDM‐MA (15%) system. These results indicate the technological potential of the PA6/AES/EPDM‐MA (15 wt%) blends for application in industrial sectors that require super‐tough plastics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Torque Rheometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring polyamide 6 to exhibit super‐tough behavior and high thermomechanical stability: The role of AES and EPDM‐MA hybridization

Silva

Luna

Filho

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Toward Reactive Processing of Polyamide 6 Based Blends with Polyethylene Grafted with Maleic Anhydride and Acrylic Acid: Effect of Functionalization Degree

Luna

Ferreira

Costa

et al. 2023

Macro Reaction Engineering

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The reactivity of different polyethylene modifiers based on acrylic acid (AA) and maleic anhydride (MA) with polyamide 6 (PA6) is investigated, using several degrees of functionalization. The polymer blends are processed in an internal mixer and injection molded. Mechanical, rheological, infrared spectroscopy, thermal, thermomechanical properties, and morphology are evaluated. The torque rheometry results show that higher functionalization degrees favored a high reactivity with PA6. As a consequence, there is an increase in the viscosity of the polymer blends, which is reflected in the reduction of the melt flow index (MFI), compared to PA6. High impact strength and elongation at break properties confirm the blends' compatibility. The elastic modulus and the tensile strength maintain high values, suggesting a balance of mechanical properties. In addition, the polymer blends' heat deflection temperature (HDT) and thermal stability properties are comparable to neat PA6. The morphology obtained by scanning electron microscopy show dispersed and refined particles in the PA6 matrix, indicating stabilization at the interface. Incorporating only 10% of high‐density polyethylene grafted with acrylic‐acid (HDPE‐g‐AA) is very efficient in optimizing the properties of PA6, contributing to broadening the range of applications for the processing industry.

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Transforming vulcanized styrene–butadiene waste into valuable raw material: an opportunity for high-impact polypropylene production

et al. 2023

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The vulcanized residue of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBRr) is a raw material with potential for re-addition in the production chain, adding value and reducing environmental impact. Polypropylene (PP) compounds with SBRr from the footwear industry were produced, adding styrene-(ethylene-butylene)styrene (SEBS) as compatibilizer, with 20% and 30% of styrene (St.). Addition of 30% SBRr did not compromise the processability, since the torque and ow index increased slightly. Signi cant increases in impact strength were achieved for PP/SBRr/SEBS (10% -20% St.) and PP/SBRr/SEBS (10% -30% St.), with gains of 316% and 248%, related to PP. The elastic modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break and Shore D hardness indicated greater exibility for the PP/SBRr/SEBS, especially in the copolymer with 20% St. The thermal de ection temperature (HDT) indicated that even adding high content of SBRr to PP, the HDT was not severely affected, possibly due to its crosslinked character. PP/SBRr compatibilization with SEBS (20% St.) inhibited the PP crystalline peaks, as veri ed through X-ray diffraction (XRD). Stable morphology was achieved upon 10% of SEBS addition to PP/SBRr, providing proper interfacial adhesion and ne particles, contributing to toughen PP. Acquired results are promising for the rubber recycling, aiming at the production of high-impact polypropylene for containers and furniture accessories applications.vulcanized rubber residues. In this case, the infusible rubber powder disperses within PP matrix, acting as exible ller and promoting toughening. Costa et al.[17] evaluated the potential of waste tire rubber (SBR-styrene-butadiene) as a complementary raw material for the PP/ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) system. The PP/EPDM/SBR compounds were prepared using a co-rotating twin screw extruder and specimens were injection molded. SBR addition to PP matrix did not result in an increase in impact strength nor in elongation at break, only a slight reduction in these properties, which is attributed to insu cient adhesion between the two phases.However, high values of impact strength were reached (> 80 J.m − 1 ), for PP/EPDM/SBR with EPDM and SBR contents around 25%. Elastic modulus and tensile strength decreased with increasing concentration of EPDM or SBR, due to increased exibility. EPDM developed improved non-adhesion between two distinct phases (PP and SBRr), leading to improved elongation at break results.Ciro et al. [18] developed PP compounds with recycled rubber (BR), in the range of 10-55% of BR weight, processed using an internal mixer. Rheometry plots displayed slight increase in torque upon BR increasing, suggesting an increase in viscosity. The increase in BR concentration reduced the elastic modulus and tensile strength, especially promoting a severe reduction in these properties at 55% BR. The thermogravimetry (TG) results showed that PP/BR compounds thermal stability decreased upon BR addition, compared to neat PP. DSC scans showed evidence that recycled rubber addition to PP affected the crystalli...

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Tailoring Nylon 6/Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Nanocomposites for Application against Electromagnetic Interference: Evaluation of the Mechanical, Thermal and Electrical Behavior, and the Electromagnetic Shielding Efficiency

Cited by 8 publications

References 77 publications

Tailoring polyamide 6 to exhibit super‐tough behavior and high thermomechanical stability: The role of AES and EPDM‐MA hybridization

Tailoring polyamide 6 to exhibit super‐tough behavior and high thermomechanical stability: The role of AES and EPDM‐MA hybridization

Toward Reactive Processing of Polyamide 6 Based Blends with Polyethylene Grafted with Maleic Anhydride and Acrylic Acid: Effect of Functionalization Degree

Transforming vulcanized styrene–butadiene waste into valuable raw material: an opportunity for high-impact polypropylene production

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