Tailoring Electrolyte Distributions to Enable High‐performance Li₃PS₄‐based All‐solid‐state Batteries under Different Operating Temperatures

Abstract

Li3PS4 shows great potential as solid electrolyte for all‐solid‐state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) due to its high Li‐ion conductivity and excellent mechanical properties. However, its poor interfacial stability with bare high‐nickel active materials in the cathode mixture inhibits the energy density and electrochemical performances of the corresponding LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2/Li3PS4/Li−In battery. The Li3InCl6 electrolyte with good electrochemical/chemical stability with bare LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2(NCM622), which acts both as a Li‐ion additive in the cathode mixture and as an isolation layer to isolate the direct contact between the sulfide electrolytes and active materials, providing superior solid/solid interface stabilities in the assembled battery. XPS and TEM results confirm that this strategy can mitigate the side reactions between the bare NCM622 and Li3PS4 electrolytes. In‐situ EIS and DRT results prove that this grading utilization of different solid electrolytes can greatly alleviate the poor electrochemical stability between those two materials, yielding smaller interfacial resistances. The corresponding battery delivers high discharge capacities at various C‐rates under different operating temperatures. It delivers a much higher initial discharge capacity of 187.7 mAh g−1 (vs. 92.5 mAh g−1) at 0.1 C with a coulombic efficiency of 87.6% (vs. 71.1%) at room temperature. Moreover, this battery can even show highly reversible capacity with excellent cyclability when the operating temperature lowers to 0 and −20 °C. This work provides a hierarchical utilization strategy to fabricate sulfide electrolytes‐based ASSLBs with high energy density and superior cycling performance combined with highly‐oxidation cathode materials.

Non-fertilizer uses of phosphorus

“…This development may eventually lead to commercialization. 40 6.4 Other P-S compounds -nomenclature and uses…”

Understanding the Improved Sodium Ion Storage in Wood-Derived Hard Carbon Anodes by Hydrogen Treatment

“…1 Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are a potential stock with an abundant stock of sodium in nature, relatively low cost, and high availability among the current electrochemical energy storage (EES) technologies. [2][3][4][5] Sodium-ion batteries have demonstrated significant advancements in terms of energy density, rechargeable performance, and other aspects, indicating their great potential. As a result, sodium-ion batteries are anticipated to be utilized in a variety of large-scale energy storage applications, such as grid energy storage, electric vehicles, and renewable energy storage systems.…”