Tailoring electric dipole of hole-transporting material p-dopants for perovskite solar cells

Xia, Jianxing; Zhang, Yi; Xiao, Chuanxiao; Brooks, Keith G.; Chen, Min; Luo, Junsheng; Yang, Hua; Klipfel, Nadja; Zou, Jihua; Shi, Yu; Yao, Xiaojun; Chen, Jiangzhao; Luther, Joseph M.; Lin, Hongzhen; Asiri, Abdullah M.; Jia, Chunyang; Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja

doi:10.1016/j.joule.2022.05.012

Cited by 48 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The reverse and forward scans of PSCs based on HAT6 and spiro-OMeTAD are employed to evaluate the hysteresis properties of devices (Figure S6 and Table S2, Supporting Information); the results find that the HAT6-based device shows higher hysteresis, which is related to the interface carrier transportation. [9,15] The incident photon to current efficiency (IPCE) of the devices using HAT6 (Figure 3d) and spiro-OMeTAD (Figure 3c) correspond to 21.45 and 23.22 mA cm À2 integrated currents, respectively, which is consistent with the J sc values (Figure 3a). In addition, the decrease in IPCE for HAT6 is normal and consistent with the reported works which related to interfacial carrier transportation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…In addition, the cladding of the dopant by the HTA6 molecules may also act as the blocking layer that inhibits ion migrations and become one of the reasons for the improved thermal and MPP stability. [9,37] The t-BP, is similar to the Li-TFSI dopant, which cladded by the molecular columns, avoiding the interface reaction with PbI 2 , further improving the stability of PSCs. [12] The results show the highly promising application of HAT6 as HTM for highly stable PSCs fabrication.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interfacial t-BP will also cause chemical decomposition of the perovskite by forming [PbI 2 -t-BP] coordinated complex over time, which further diminishes the long-term stability of PSCs. [12,13] To solve the obstacles, several groups have reported on alternative hydrophobic organic p-dopants based on ionic liquids, [10,14] organic salts, [9,15] fullerene derivatives, [16] and metal-organic frameworks [17,18] which is to improve the hydrophobicity and the stability of PSCs. However, the reported efficiency is far away from the devices employing Li-TFSI and t-BP due to the low conductivity of the organic molecule than the metal Li þ ion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To solve the obstacles, several groups have reported on alternative hydrophobic organic p‐dopants based on ionic liquids, [ 10,14 ] organic salts, [ 9,15 ] fullerene derivatives, [ 16 ] and metal–organic frameworks [ 17,18 ] which is to improve the hydrophobicity and the stability of PSCs. However, the reported efficiency is far away from the devices employing Li‐TFSI and t ‐BP due to the low conductivity of the organic molecule than the metal Li + ion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 8 ] Spiro‐OMeTAD are commonly doped with bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonamide lithium salt (Li‐TFSI) and 4‐ tert ‐butylpyridine ( t ‐BP) to improve their hole mobility and change the increased highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level via p‐doping. [ 9 ] Despite the significant improvement in PCE of PSCs employed with the complex dopants, some drawbacks exist in the stability of devices that make the most challenging issue and limit its commercialization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transparent Liquid Crystal Hole‐Transporting Material for Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2022

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Hexakis(hexyloxy)triphenylene (HAT6) discotic liquid crystal is employed as a transparent hole‐transporting material (HTM) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.7% is obtained, which is the highest using HAT6 type of HTMs. Despite lower PCE than spiro‐OMeTAD‐based devices (20.3%), the PSCs based on HAT6 exhibit much higher ambient and thermal stability. A fused polyaromatic core with six alkyl chains leads to high hydrophobicity, and the π‐stacked molecular columns of the HAT6 shield the bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonamide lithium salt dopant migration into the perovskite absorber. The PSCs (under N2 condition) exhibit superior stability compared to the devices employing spiro‐OMeTAD, retaining nearly 92% of their initial efficiency after 1200 h operation. Under ambient conditions, HAT6‐based hole‐transportation layer devices retain 93% of the initial efficiency for 690 h. Under continuous thermal stress of 85 °C, the devices based on HAT6 retain 95% of the initial PCE. The results demonstrate the time applicability of liquid crystal for stable PSCs fabrication.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transparent Liquid Crystal Hole‐Transporting Material for Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2022

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Bidirectional Targeted Therapy Enables Efficient, Stable, and Eco‐Friendly Perovskite Solar Cells

Song

Zhang

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have witnessed rapid development toward commercialization based on their superior efficiency except for some remained misgivings about their poor stability primarily originating from interfacial problems. Robust back interface for neutralization of crystal defects, depression of dopant lithium ions (Li+) diffusion, and even inhibition of toxic lead (Pb) leakage is highly desirable; however, it remains a great challenge. Herein, a cost‐effective interfacial therapy approach is developed to simultaneously alleviate the obstacles aforementioned. A small molecule, 1,4‐dithiane with unique chair structure, is adapted to interact with under‐coordinated Pb2+ on perovskite surface and Li+ from hole transport layer, neutralizing interfacial defects and suppressing Li+ diffusion. Besides, the presence of 1,4‐dithiane can efficiently modulate interfacial energetics, enhance hydrophobicity of PSCs, and anchor Pb atoms via SPb bond. Consequently, the target devices perform better than control devices when exposed to light‐soaking, moisture, and thermal stress owing to the synergistic suppression of trap‐state density, ions migration, and moisture permeation. The optimized target device delivers a champion efficiency of 23.27% with mitigated Pb leakage. This study demonstrates a promising functionalized modification strategy for constructing efficient, stable, and eco‐friendly PSCs.

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Highly Stable n–i–p Structured Formamidinium Tin Triiodide Solar Cells through the Stabilization of Surface Sn²⁺ Cations

Risqi

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Improving the performance, reproducibility, and stability of Sn-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with n-i-p structures is an important challenge. Spiro-OMeTAD [2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenyl-amine)9,9′-spirobifluorene], a hole transporting material (HTM) with n-i-p structure, requires the oxygen exposure after addition of Li-TFSI [Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide] as a dopant to increase the hole concentration. In Sn-based PSC, Sn 2+ is easily oxidized to Sn 4+ under such a condition, resulting in a sharp decrease in efficiency. Herein, a formamidinium tin triiodide (FASnI 3 )-based PSCs fabricated using DPI-TPFB [4-Isopropyl-4′-methyldiphenyliodonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate] instead of Li-TFSI are reported as a dopant in Spiro-OMeTAD. The DPI-TPFB enables the fabrication of PSCs with an efficiency of up to 10.9%, the highest among FASnI 3 -based PSCs with n-i-p structures. Moreover, ≈80% of the initial efficiency is maintained even after 1,597 h under maximum power point tracking conditions. In particular, the encapsulated device does not show any decrease in efficiency even after holding for 50 h in the 85 °C/85% RH condition. The high efficiency and excellent stability of PSCs prepared by doping with DPI-TPFB are attributed to not only increasing electrical conductivity by acting as a Lewis acid, but also stabilizing Sn 2+ through coordination with Sn 2+ on the surface of FASnI 3 .

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Tailoring electric dipole of hole-transporting material p-dopants for perovskite solar cells

Cited by 48 publications

References 54 publications

Transparent Liquid Crystal Hole‐Transporting Material for Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Transparent Liquid Crystal Hole‐Transporting Material for Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Bidirectional Targeted Therapy Enables Efficient, Stable, and Eco‐Friendly Perovskite Solar Cells

Highly Stable n–i–p Structured Formamidinium Tin Triiodide Solar Cells through the Stabilization of Surface Sn²⁺ Cations

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Tailoring electric dipole of hole-transporting material p-dopants for perovskite solar cells

Cited by 48 publications

References 54 publications

Transparent Liquid Crystal Hole‐Transporting Material for Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Transparent Liquid Crystal Hole‐Transporting Material for Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Bidirectional Targeted Therapy Enables Efficient, Stable, and Eco‐Friendly Perovskite Solar Cells

Highly Stable n–i–p Structured Formamidinium Tin Triiodide Solar Cells through the Stabilization of Surface Sn2+ Cations

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Product

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Highly Stable n–i–p Structured Formamidinium Tin Triiodide Solar Cells through the Stabilization of Surface Sn²⁺ Cations