Tail-pinch stress and REM sleep deprivation differentially affect sensorimotor gating function in modafinil-treated rats

Sleep Deprivation Disrupts Prepulse Inhibition and Induces Psychosis-Like Symptoms in Healthy Humans

“…PPI was significantly decreased in the SD condition compared with the normal night condition, in agreement with evidence from rodent studies (Frau et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2011). Importantly, no effects of SD were observed for startle reactivity and habituation measures (i.e., no effects of SD for PA amplitudes were observed).…”

“…These data suggest that acoustic PPI at short prepulse lead times (i.e., SOAs of 30 and 60 ms) might be more strongly affected by SD than PPI with a prepulse lead time of 120 ms which has been shown to be susceptible to attentional modulation (Li et al, 2009). In healthy humans, directing attention to the prepulse signal enhances PPI (Li et al, 2009), whereas attentional modulation of PPI is abnormal in schizophrenia patients (Dawson et al, 1993;Hazlett et al, 1998; for review, see Li et al, 2009) and individuals with schizotypal personality disorder (Hazlett et al, 2003).…”

“…These data suggest that acoustic PPI at short prepulse lead times (i.e., SOAs of 30 and 60 ms) might be more strongly affected by SD than PPI with a prepulse lead time of 120 ms which has been shown to be susceptible to attentional modulation (Li et al, 2009). In healthy humans, directing attention to the prepulse signal enhances PPI (Li et al, 2009), whereas attentional modulation of PPI is abnormal in schizophrenia patients (Dawson et al, 1993;Hazlett et al, 1998; for review, see Li et al, 2009) and individuals with schizotypal personality disorder (Hazlett et al, 2003). Inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex at the 60 ms prepulse interval might actually be regulated at the boundary between automatic and attentionally sensitive inhibition (Swerdlow et al, 2006) and this transitional zone between unconscious and consciously accessible processing may also be an epoch of particular vulnerability to disruption (Swerdlow et al, 2006).…”

“…In rats, sleep deprivation (SD) reduces PPI (Frau et al, 2008, Liu et al, 2011 and this reduction can be selectively reversed by antipsychotic (but not anxiolytic or antidepressant) drugs (Frau et al, 2008). To our knowledge, there are no studies on the effects of SD on PPI in humans.…”

Finasteride administration potentiates the disruption of prepulse inhibition induced by forced swim stress

“…This effect of stress on PPI has been described in social isolated mice [8] and Wistar [9] or female LongEvans hooded rats [10], after acute restraint stress in C57BL/6 mice [11] or repeated restraint stress in Brown Norway rats [12], and http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2015.04.023 0166-4328/© 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. after rapid eye movement sleep deprivation [13] or predator exposure [14] in male Sprague-Dawley rats. In this way, the injection of stress hormones such as corticosterone [15], corticotrophinreleasing factor [14] or cortisol in humans [16] also deteriorates PPI responses.…”