Taenia solium metacestode antigens which are protective for pigs induce Th1/Th2 mixed responses in mice

Cortés, Isabel; Molinari, José Luis; Solano, Sandra; Hernández-Mendoza, Lilian; Ramı́rez, Antonio; Tato, Patricia

doi:10.1007/s00436-003-0855-0

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In parallel to these observations, T. solium antigens might play an important role in innate recognition of this parasite as the stimulation of monocytes with these products induce the secretion of IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, IL‐17 and IL‐23 in such cells in a manner dependent upon NF‐kB activation . Additionally, these products are able to induce Treg differentiation by upregulating the markers SLAMF1, PD‐L1 and CD205 on DCs, both in vivo and in vitro and to mimic the general effect on T‐cell phenotype . Together, these observations by independent laboratories and from different parasites reinforce the idea that these Taeniids may use similar strategies to downmodulate inflammatory responses and may favour parasite survival.…”

Section: Convergence and Divergence In Immunoregulatory Mechanisms Inmentioning

confidence: 64%

Regulation of immunity by Taeniids: lessons from animal models and in vitro studies

Peón

Ledesma-Soto

Terrazas

2016

Parasite Immunology

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Taeniidae is the largest family of the Cyclophyllidea order of parasites despite being composed of just two genera: Taenia spp and Echinococcus spp. These parasites are flatworms with a terrestrial life cycle, having an immature or larval stage called metacestode, which develops into the mature form within the intestine of the primary host after being consumed in raw or poorly cooked meat. Consumed eggs hatch into oncospheres, penetrate the intestinal walls and are transported via the bloodstream to later develop into metacestodes within the muscles and internal organs of secondary and sometimes primary hosts, thereby initiating the cycle again. Larval stages of both Taenia spp and Echinococcus spp are well known to produce tissue-dwelling, long-lasting infections; in this stage, these parasites can reach centimetres (macroparasites) and both genera may cause life-threatening diseases in humans. Establishing such long-term infections requires an exceptional ability to modulate host immunity for long periods of time. In this review, we analyse the immunoregulatory mechanisms induced by these tapeworms and their products, mainly discussing the importance of taeniid strategies to successfully colonize their hosts, such as antigen-presenting cell phenotype manipulation and the consequent induction of T-cell anergy, among others.

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Section: Convergence and Divergence In Immunoregulatory Mechanisms Inmentioning

confidence: 64%

Regulation of immunity by Taeniids: lessons from animal models and in vitro studies

Peón

Ledesma-Soto

Terrazas

2016

Parasite Immunology

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“…Reinfection with Fasciola hepatica potentiates a mixed Th1/Th2/Th17/regulatory T cell response in Wistar rats (43). A mixed Th1/Th2 cytokine response was also observed in mice treated with Taenia solium metacestode antigens (44). Intestinal gene expression in pigs infected with T. suis showed an increased expression of genes for the Th1-type cytokines IL-1␣ and IL-6, as well as genes involved in the release of the Th2-type cytokine IL-13 (45).…”

Section: Fig 10mentioning

confidence: 91%

Whipworm Infection Promotes Bacterial Invasion, Intestinal Microbiota Imbalance, and Cellular Immunomodulation

et al. 2020

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Infections with Trichuris trichiura are among the most common causes of intestinal parasitism in children worldwide, and the diagnosis is based on microscopic egg identification in the chronic phase of the infection. During parasitism, the adult worm of the trichurid nematode maintains its anterior region inserted in the intestinal mucosa, which causes serious damage and which may open access for gut microorganisms through the intestinal tissue. The immune-regulatory processes taking place during the evolution of the chronic infection are still not completely understood. By use of the Swiss Webster outbred mouse model, mice were infected with 200 eggs, and tolerance to the establishment of a chronic Trichuris muris infection was induced by the administration of a short pulse of dexamethasone during nematode early larval development. The infected mice presented weight loss, anemia, an imbalance of the microbiota, and intense immunological cell infiltration in the large intestine. It was found that mice have a mixed Th1/Th2/Th17 response, with differences being found among the different anatomical locations. After 45 days of infection, the parasitism induced changes in the microbiota composition and bacterial invasion of the large intestine epithelium. In addition, we describe that the excretory-secretory products from the nematode have anti-inflammatory effects on mouse macrophages cultured in vitro, suggesting that T. muris may modulate the immune response at the site of insertion of the worm inside mouse tissue. The data presented in this study suggest that the host immune state at 45 days postinfection with T. muris during the chronic phase of infection is the result of factors derived from the worm as well as alterations to the microbiota and bacterial invasion. Taken together, these results provide new information about the parasite-host-microbiota relationship and open new treatment possibilities.

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“…Total RNA extraction and RT-PCR RNA was obtained from the spleen cells of mice treated with F1 or implanted with T. solium metacestodes, and from the spleen cells of control mice, according to the method previously described (Cortes et al 2003). RT-PCR was performed following a standard procedure (Chomczynski and Sacchi 1987).…”

Section: Treatment Of Mice With F1mentioning

confidence: 99%

The implantation of Taenia solium metacestodes in mice induces down-modulation of T-cell proliferation and cytokine production

et al. 2005

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the implantation of Taenia solium metacestodes and the treatment with suppressive metacestode factor (F1) on the ability of spleen cells from Balb/c mice to produce cytokines. Cytokine production was estimated 12 days following the implantation or 4 days after the last dose of F1 (five doses) by RT-PCR and flow cytometry analyses. Spleen cells were obtained from metacestode-implanted, F1-treated and control mice. They were stimulated with concanavalin A (ConA) ex vivo and used for RT-PCR studies and for CD25 expression and intracellular cytokine production estimations using specific monoclonal antibodies labeled with phycoerithrin or fluorescein. Results of the RT-PCR showed that all cells expressed IFN-gamma, IL-2 and IL-4 mRNAs. IL-10 mRNA was not expressed in any case. Flow cytometry analyses showed that both spleen CD4+ and CD8+ cells from metacestode-implanted or treated-F1 mice expressed significantly diminished percentages of CD25 when compared with control cells (P<0.05). The estimation of intracellular cytokines showed that the production of IL-2 and IL-4 in CD8+ cells, and of IFN-gamma in CD4+ cells from mice implanted with metacestodes was significantly impaired when compared with the values from control cells (P<0.05).

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Taenia solium metacestode antigens which are protective for pigs induce Th1/Th2 mixed responses in mice

Cited by 5 publications

References 64 publications

Regulation of immunity by Taeniids: lessons from animal models and in vitro studies

Regulation of immunity by Taeniids: lessons from animal models and in vitro studies

Whipworm Infection Promotes Bacterial Invasion, Intestinal Microbiota Imbalance, and Cellular Immunomodulation

The implantation of Taenia solium metacestodes in mice induces down-modulation of T-cell proliferation and cytokine production

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